Question 1

One way of inferring heritability in humans is by comparing identical twins with:

Accepted Answer

A)   monozygotic twins.
B)   biological parents.
C)   dizygotic twins.
D)   siblings.

Question 2

Which of the following is true regarding the intellectual differences between and within various groups?

Accepted Answer

A)   If differences within groups are at least partly genetic in origin, then differences between groups are also genetic.
B)   The genetic differences between groups are 100 percent even though the "within-group" difference is entirely due to the environment.
C)   Even if variation within each group is mostly due to genetic differences, the differences between groups may still be due to environmental differences.
D)   Heritability estimates are valid in regard to group differences, but not in regard to the variance found within a group.

Question 3

_______________ discovered the double helix structure of DNA.

Accepted Answer

A)   Rosalind Franklin and Linus Pauling
B)   Gregor Mendel and Charles Darwin
C)   James Watson and Francis Crick
D)   Janet Newman and Francis Collins

Question 4

Dr. Wentz argues that all aspects of people that are determined by genes must have some sort of adaptive purpose because of natural selection. Dr. Merrick immediately disagrees and says:

Accepted Answer

A)   "Think of male pattern baldness!"
B)   "Think of socioeconomic status."
C)   "Think of the 'fight or flight' response."
D)   "Think of colour vision."

Question 5

A major problem with genetic explanations of racial differences in IQ is that:

Accepted Answer

A)   although intelligence differs between groups, it does not differ within groups.
B)   heritability estimates used in supporting genetic explanations of group differences are based mainly on white samples.
C)   the studies typically use black and white children from highly similar socioeconomic groups.
D)   the explanations are based on linkage studies.

Question 6

Why do behavioural geneticists seek adopted children as subjects in studies of heritability?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following...

Question 7

Over the past 150 years, Darwin's ideas have been:

Accepted Answer

A)   strongly challenged by findings in biology.
B)   resoundingly supported by findings in anthropology, botany, and molecular genetics.
C)   reexamined and found to be unscientific.
D)   slowly replaced by newer theories, making Darwin's original theories only important from a historical point of view.

Question 8

The human genome is estimated to contain about _______________ genes.

Accepted Answer

A)   7,000
B)   22,000
C)   46,000
D)   303,000

Question 9

What is practice play? How might it be beneficial in an evolutionary sense?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following...

Question 10

Discuss four risk factors that have been associated with reduced mental abilities in children. How, in contrast, can a stimulating environment promote mental performance?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following...

Question 11

Linkage studies are used to help determine:

Accepted Answer

A)   where a gene for a particular trait is likely to be located.
B)   where and how genetic mutations take place.
C)   a map of the human nucleus.
D)   where the boundaries between individual genes are located.

Question 12

Describe three stressful family circumstances that, according to your textbook, have been associated with reduced mental ability in children.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following...

Question 13

What is the human genome? What is the current estimate of the number of genes in the human genome?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following...

Question 14

According to sociobiologists, it is evolutionarily beneficial for females to:

Accepted Answer

A)   attach themselves to dominant males.
B)   compete with other females for access to young males.
C)   have more male offspring than female offspring.
D)   be promiscuous and drawn to sexual novelty.

Question 15

Estimates of the heritability of intelligence:

Accepted Answer

A)   are higher for adults than children.
B)   are higher for children than adults.
C)   do not change with age.
D)   fluctuate almost every day according to the environment.

Question 16

To gather data about sexual behaviour, evolutionary psychologists have relied heavily on:

Accepted Answer

A)   case studies.
B)   naturalistic observation.
C)   questionnaires.
D)   laboratory studies.

Question 17

What is epigenetics? How are epigenetic changes different than genetic changes?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following...

Question 18

Evolutionary psychologists and sociobiologists would be most likely to agree that:

Accepted Answer

A)   the study of nonhuman species is an effective method of exploring the evolution of human characteristics.
B)   human males and females differ in their sexual strategies and practices.
C)   the study of human dating and mating practices around the world is the most effective method of exploring sexual strategies.
D)   the sexual behaviour of the female does not seem to depend on the goal of fertilization because pregnant females continue to have sex.

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true about heritability?

Accepted Answer

A)   Heritability allows a person to determine how much of his or her intelligence is determined by genetics.
B)   A trait with high heritability generally cannot be modified by experience.
C)   If a trait is determined to be highly heritable in one environment, it will be so in all environments.
D)   Heritability cannot be directly measured; it must be inferred based on studies of people with a known degree of genetic similarity.

Question 20

_______________ is an interdisciplinary field of study concerned with the genetic bases of individual differences in behaviour and personality.

Accepted Answer

A)   Behavioural genetics
B)   Evolutionary psychology
C)   Empiricism
D)   Functionalism

Exam 3: Genes, Evolution, and Environment

Estimates of the heritability of intelligence:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true regarding the intellectual differences between and within various groups?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolutionary psychologists and sociobiologists would be most likely to agree that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true about heritability?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the human genome? What is the current estimate of the number of genes in the human genome?

Correct AnswerverifiedA good answer will include the following...View AnswerShow Answer

Linkage studies are used to help determine:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______________ is an interdisciplinary field of study concerned with the genetic bases of individual differences in behaviour and personality.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Wentz argues that all aspects of people that are determined by genes must have some sort of adaptive purpose because of natural selection. Dr. Merrick immediately disagrees and says:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The human genome is estimated to contain about _______________ genes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is epigenetics? How are epigenetic changes different than genetic changes?

Correct AnswerverifiedA good answer will include the following...View AnswerShow Answer

To gather data about sexual behaviour, evolutionary psychologists have relied heavily on:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe three stressful family circumstances that, according to your textbook, have been associated with reduced mental ability in children.

Correct AnswerverifiedA good answer will include the following...View AnswerShow Answer

Why do behavioural geneticists seek adopted children as subjects in studies of heritability?

Correct AnswerverifiedA good answer will include the following...View AnswerShow Answer

Discuss four risk factors that have been associated with reduced mental abilities in children. How, in contrast, can a stimulating environment promote mental performance?

Correct AnswerverifiedA good answer will include the following...View AnswerShow Answer

A major problem with genetic explanations of racial differences in IQ is that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______________ discovered the double helix structure of DNA.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One way of inferring heritability in humans is by comparing identical twins with:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to sociobiologists, it is evolutionarily beneficial for females to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Over the past 150 years, Darwin's ideas have been:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is practice play? How might it be beneficial in an evolutionary sense?

Correct AnswerverifiedA good answer will include the following...View AnswerShow Answer

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A good answer will include the following...
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