Question 1

Most people tend to hold very accurate views of themselves and their abilities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The quote, "The squeaky wheel gets the grease" reflects which type of self-construal?

Accepted Answer

A)   independent
B)   interdependent
C)   communal
D)   distinctiveness

Question 3

Research supporting self-verification theory has shown that

Accepted Answer

A)   people tend selectively to attend to and recall information that is consistent with their self-views.
B)   people tend to provide identity cues that help others form accurate judgments of their personality traits.
C)   people tend to form relationships that maintain their preexisting view of the self, even when that view is negative.
D)   All of the above have been shown by research.

Question 4

Gene is given a questionnaire that has statements like these printed on it: "I take a positive view of myself" and "I feel that I have a number of good qualities." He is asked to indicate how much he agrees with these kinds of statements.This questionnaire is meant to measure Gene's

Accepted Answer

A)   self-consciousness.
B)   identify cues.
C)   self-esteem.
D)   self-discrepancies.

Question 5

Linda tries to memorize a bunch of theories for her psychology class.Specifically, right after she reads about a theory, she thinks of personal experiences that are relevant to its predictions.According to research on the self-reference effect, Linda's study strategy should

Accepted Answer

A)   decrease her memory for the theories because thoughts of previous experiences are distracting.
B)   increase or decrease her memory for the theories, depending on how long she studies.
C)   increase her memory for the theories by integrating them into her self-knowledge.
D)   increase her memory for the theories if the experiences are consistent with a theory, but it should decrease her memory if the experiences are inconsistent with a theory.

Question 6

Reflected self-appraisals come from our perceptions of what other people think of us.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

According to the textbook, research findings on the self-reference effect and self-schemas help explain why so many aspects of the self are

Accepted Answer

A)   stable over time.
B)   highly variable from one situation to the next.
C)   inconsistent with social norms.
D)   difficult to measure.

Question 8

The processes by which people initiate, alter, and control their behavior in the pursuit of their goals is called _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)   self-discrepancy
B)   self-enhancement
C)   self-verification
D)   self-regulation

Question 9

Which of the following statements is consistent with research on culture and self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A)   People from Western cultures are less likely to say or do things to enhance other people's self-esteem (relative to people from Asian cultures) .
B)   The Japanese praise each other for their achievements more often than do Americans.
C)   People from Asian cultures generally feel worse about themselves than do people from Western cultures.
D)   Americans utter many more self-complimentary statements during conversations (relative to Japanese individuals) .

Question 10

According to the textbook, which of the following tend to have interdependent self-construals?

Accepted Answer

A)   many Mediterranean cultures
B)   many African cultures
C)   many Northern European cultures
D)   Both a and b are correct.

Question 11

Recall that Berglas and Jones (1978) led male participants to believe that they either were going to succeed or were going to have difficulty on an upcoming test.Next, participants were given the chance to ingest either a performance-enhancing drug or a performance-inhibiting drug.What did the results of this study show?

Accepted Answer

A)   Regardless of their beliefs about success or difficulty, participants preferred the performance-enhancing drug.
B)   Regardless of their beliefs about success or difficulty, participants preferred the performance-inhibiting drug.
C)   Participants who thought they would succeed on the test preferred the performance-inhibiting drug.
D)   Participants who thought they would have difficulty on the test preferred the performance-inhibiting drug.

Question 12

Recall Tory Higgins's argument that people compare their "actual selves" with other "selves" and that these comparisons have important motivational implications.Which of the following is/are NOT among the "selves" to which Higgins refers?

Accepted Answer

A)   optimal
B)   ideal
C)   ought
D)   neither a nor c

Question 13

According to Festinger's social comparison theory, people often form judgments about their traits and abilities by comparing themselves with others.According to the theory, this process is most likely to occur when

Accepted Answer

A)   the people around them are judgmental and unkind.
B)   people have a clear and detailed self-concept.
C)   the people around them have superior traits and abilities.
D)   people have no objective standard by which to judge themselves.

Question 14

Self-destructive behaviors can provide an explanation for possible failures and thereby facilitate impression management.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

According to the textbook, ____________ is useful in developing our self-concept, but it can lead us to lose some self-esteem, at least temporarily.

Accepted Answer

A)   upward comparison
B)   downward comparison
C)   self-affirmation
D)   self-aggrandizement

Question 16

People who define themselves in terms of multiple domains would be said to have low self-complexity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Jim has been trying to lose weight and spent all day ignoring the entire bowl of candy bars on his coworker's desk.When Jim gets home that evening, he feels exhausted and eats an entire container of ice cream.According to the researchers Baumeister, Vohs, and Tice, Jim is probably experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)   food cravings
B)   ego depletion
C)   ego strength
D)   prevention focus

Question 18

One implication of Tesser's self-evaluation maintenance model is that

Accepted Answer

A)   we are biased to believe that our friends' self-concepts are similar to our own.
B)   we can expect our good friends to help us succeed at anything because all of our successes reflect well on them.
C)   we should choose friends whom we outperform in domains relevant to our self-concept but who are talented in domains that are not relevant to the self.
D)   our friends' competencies (or lack thereof) do not influence our self-concept.

Question 19

Frank Sulloway's research on the relationship between birth order and personality shows that

Accepted Answer

A)   younger siblings tend to be more agreeable than older siblings.
B)   older siblings tend to be less honest than younger siblings.
C)   younger and older siblings are equally open to novel ideas and experiences.
D)   older siblings tend to be less achievement-oriented than younger siblings.

Question 20

Ryan begins his twenty-page sociology paper at about 5 p.m.on the night before the paper is due.At around 6 p.m., Gary requests a favor that would take several hours.Ryan grants the favor and ends up leaving himself just a few hours to complete the paper.Later, when friends ask Ryan about his paper grade, he says, "I got a D because I was helping Gary all night instead of writing." This scenario exemplifies a self-presentation process called

Accepted Answer

A)   self-handicapping.
B)   self-fulfilling prophecy.
C)   overjustification.
D)   self-promotion.

Exam 3: The Social Self

According to the textbook, research findings on the self-reference effect and self-schemas help explain why so many aspects of the self are

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is consistent with research on culture and self-esteem?

Correct Answer
verified

Reflected self-appraisals come from our perceptions of what other people think of us.

Correct Answer
verified

According to Festinger's social comparison theory, people often form judgments about their traits and abilities by comparing themselves with others.According to the theory, this process is most likely to occur when

Correct Answer
verified

According to the textbook, which of the following tend to have interdependent self-construals?

Correct Answer
verified

Most people tend to hold very accurate views of themselves and their abilities.

Correct Answer
verified

The quote, "The squeaky wheel gets the grease" reflects which type of self-construal?

Correct Answer
verified

Recall Tory Higgins's argument that people compare their "actual selves" with other "selves" and that these comparisons have important motivational implications.Which of the following is/are NOT among the "selves" to which Higgins refers?

Correct Answer
verified

Frank Sulloway's research on the relationship between birth order and personality shows that

Correct Answer
verified

Linda tries to memorize a bunch of theories for her psychology class.Specifically, right after she reads about a theory, she thinks of personal experiences that are relevant to its predictions.According to research on the self-reference effect, Linda's study strategy should

Correct Answer
verified

According to the textbook, ____________ is useful in developing our self-concept, but it can lead us to lose some self-esteem, at least temporarily.

Correct Answer
verified

One implication of Tesser's self-evaluation maintenance model is that

Correct Answer
verified

People who define themselves in terms of multiple domains would be said to have low self-complexity.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Jim has been trying to lose weight and spent all day ignoring the entire bowl of candy bars on his coworker's desk.When Jim gets home that evening, he feels exhausted and eats an entire container of ice cream.According to the researchers Baumeister, Vohs, and Tice, Jim is probably experiencing

Correct Answer
verified

Gene is given a questionnaire that has statements like these printed on it: "I take a positive view of myself" and "I feel that I have a number of good qualities." He is asked to indicate how much he agrees with these kinds of statements.This questionnaire is meant to measure Gene's

Correct Answer
verified

Research supporting self-verification theory has shown that

Correct Answer
verified

The processes by which people initiate, alter, and control their behavior in the pursuit of their goals is called _______________.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Self-destructive behaviors can provide an explanation for possible failures and thereby facilitate impression management.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 3: The Social Self

According to the textbook, research findings on the self-reference effect and self-schemas help explain why so many aspects of the self are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is consistent with research on culture and self-esteem?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reflected self-appraisals come from our perceptions of what other people think of us.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Festinger's social comparison theory, people often form judgments about their traits and abilities by comparing themselves with others.According to the theory, this process is most likely to occur when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the textbook, which of the following tend to have interdependent self-construals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most people tend to hold very accurate views of themselves and their abilities.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The quote, "The squeaky wheel gets the grease" reflects which type of self-construal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recall Tory Higgins's argument that people compare their "actual selves" with other "selves" and that these comparisons have important motivational implications.Which of the following is/are NOT among the "selves" to which Higgins refers?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Frank Sulloway's research on the relationship between birth order and personality shows that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Linda tries to memorize a bunch of theories for her psychology class.Specifically, right after she reads about a theory, she thinks of personal experiences that are relevant to its predictions.According to research on the self-reference effect, Linda's study strategy should

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the textbook, ____________ is useful in developing our self-concept, but it can lead us to lose some self-esteem, at least temporarily.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One implication of Tesser's self-evaluation maintenance model is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People who define themselves in terms of multiple domains would be said to have low self-complexity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jim has been trying to lose weight and spent all day ignoring the entire bowl of candy bars on his coworker's desk.When Jim gets home that evening, he feels exhausted and eats an entire container of ice cream.According to the researchers Baumeister, Vohs, and Tice, Jim is probably experiencing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gene is given a questionnaire that has statements like these printed on it: "I take a positive view of myself" and "I feel that I have a number of good qualities." He is asked to indicate how much he agrees with these kinds of statements.This questionnaire is meant to measure Gene's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research supporting self-verification theory has shown that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The processes by which people initiate, alter, and control their behavior in the pursuit of their goals is called _______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Self-destructive behaviors can provide an explanation for possible failures and thereby facilitate impression management.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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