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Kanner, Coyne, Schaefer and Lazarus (1981) suggest that the most common sources of stress in people's lives are


A) inner conflicts.
B) medical problems.
C) hassles.
D) drastic life changes.
E) financial.

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Pain is in large part a psychological phenomenon.

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Type A people in general show more of the following except


A) neurotic behaviour.
B) hyperalertness.
C) competitiveness.
D) sense of time urgency.
E) hostility.

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In a series of interventions for stress performed by Dean Ornish and colleagues (1996) , found that ____ predicted the extent of coronary lesions.


A) hours spent meditating in a week
B) aerobic exercise
C) the amount of practice patients devoted to stress management
D) the switch to a vegetarian diet
E) the number of people involved in group support meetings

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Name and define the three general psychosocial factors that have been shown to influence disease. For each, and in one sentence, summarize the link that research has supported between the psychosocial factor and physical disease.

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Each of the three general psychosocial f...

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Somatic symptom and related disorders involve psychological processes that give rise to apparent physical symptoms without a medical basis; psychological factors affecting medical conditions, in contrast


A) involve psychological processes that give rise to identifiable disturbances in bodily structures and functions.
B) involve purely emotional processes that give rise to apparent physical symptoms.
C) are the result of physical processes that have psychological consequences.
D) involve physical symptoms with physiological causes.
E) involve purely cognitive processes that result in physical symptoms, without intermediary physiological processes.

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In comparison to sympathetic system innervation, which relies on hormonal transmission, the parasympathetic system operates much more quickly.

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"Voodoo Death" is a phenomenon in which


A) sublimated drives result in heart failure.
B) death is directly caused by voodoo.
C) ritualistic suicide occurs in Caribbean culture.
D) people die as a result of a nervous breakdown.
E) the individual dies after learning that he has been cursed.

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A number of studies using the ___________ have found an association between hostility and increased risk of heart disease.


A) The Anger Interview
B) Cook-Medley Hostility Scale
C) Turner Interruption Test
D) Stroop Colour-Word Conflict Test
E) Structured Interview

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The three body systems affected by psychosocial variables are the autonomic nervous system, the somatic nervous system and the immune system.

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One of the effects produced by cortisol is the reduction of inflammation.

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Which of the following would most likely be considered a treatable problem in behavioural medicine?


A) gallstones
B) a stroke
C) essential hypertension
D) cancer
E) cardiac arrhythmias due to genetic illness

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Sympathetic is to parasympathetic system as


A) accelerator is to brakes.
B) brakes are to car.
C) deceleration is to acceleration.
D) flour and sugar are to baking a cake.
E) horse is to buggy.

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The process of engulfing and digesting invading organisms is called


A) suppression.
B) cellular inhibition.
C) phagocytosis.
D) nonspecific immune response.
E) lymphocytosis.

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What are the two classes of psychosocial intervention that have been applied to the management of disease processes?

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The two classes of intervention are (1) ...

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