Question 1

The techniques of counterconditioning are based on principles of

Accepted Answer

A)   observational learning.
B)   classical conditioning.
C)   operant conditioning.
D)   behavior modification.

Question 2

Psychoanalysts are most likely to view patient transference as

Accepted Answer

A)   a symptom of depression.
B)   a sign of healthy personality development.
C)   a potential aid to the patient in developing insight.
D)   evidence that no further therapy is needed.

Question 3

Systematic desensitization is to classical conditioning as ________ is to operant conditioning.

Accepted Answer

A)   aversive conditioning
B)   a token economy
C)   psychosurgery
D)   EMDR

Question 4

When Molly told her therapist about her frightening car accident, the therapist instructed her to close her eyes and verbalize any further thoughts stimulated by this experience, even if they were scary or embarrassing. The therapist was making use of a technique known as

Accepted Answer

A)   active listening.
B)   transference.
C)   systematic desensitization.
D)   free association.

Question 5

Group therapy is typically more effective than individual therapy for

Accepted Answer

A)   encouraging severely disturbed individuals to quickly regain normal social functioning.
B)   enabling people to discover that others have problems similar to their own.
C)   ensuring that therapists will become more emotionally involved in clients' real-life problems.
D)   eliminating clients' anxiety during the process of therapy.

Question 6

According to Mary Cover Jones, 3-year-old Peter lost his fear of rabbits when one was repeatedly presented while he was eating his midafternoon snack. This episode best illustrated the potential usefulness of

Accepted Answer

A)   cognitive therapy.
B)   exposure therapies.
C)   free association.
D)   the placebo effect.

Question 7

In classical conditioning therapies, maladaptive symptoms are usually considered to be

Accepted Answer

A)   unconditioned stimuli.
B)   conditioned stimuli.
C)   unconditioned responses.
D)   conditioned responses.

Question 8

Which of the following is the best description of behavior modification?

Accepted Answer

A)   People are helped to identify a hierarchy of anxiety-arousing experiences.
B)   People's actions are influenced by controlling the consequences of those actions.
C)   What a client says during the course of therapy is repeated or rephrased.
D)   Attention is focused on patients' positive and negative feelings toward their therapists.

Question 9

Most self-help and support groups focus on ______ illnesses.

Accepted Answer

A)   childhood
B)   terminal
C)   stress-induced
D)   stigmatized

Question 10

During her weekly therapy sessions, Sabrina will often abruptly shift the focus of her attention and lose her train of thought. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   spontaneous recovery.
B)   progressive relaxation.
C)   resistance.
D)   regression toward the mean.

Question 11

Client-centered therapists emphasize the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)   interpreting the meaning of clients' nonverbal behaviors.
B)   enabling clients to feel unconditionally accepted.
C)   helping clients identify a hierarchy of anxiety-arousing experiences.
D)   discouraging clients from using antianxiety drugs.

Question 12

Geraldo, a second-year undergraduate, is so fearful of medical procedures that he has avoided routine dental checkups for over three years. He has recently contacted a psychotherapist for help in overcoming his fear. Describe how a behavior therapist and a psychodynamic therapist would treat Geraldo's problem.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Geraldo, a second-year undergraduate, is so fearful...

Question 13

Systematic desensitization is a form of

Accepted Answer

A)   aversive conditioning.
B)   exposure therapy.
C)   stress inoculation training.
D)   electroconvulsive therapy.

Question 14

The goal of stress inoculation training is to reduce incapacitating anxiety by encouraging people to say positive things to themselves during anxiety-producing situations. This best illustrates a form of

Accepted Answer

A)   light exposure therapy.
B)   psychodynamic therapy.
C)   humanistic therapy.
D)   cognitive therapy.

Question 15

The operant conditioning technique in which desired behaviors are rewarded with points or poker chips that can later be exchanged for various rewards is called

Accepted Answer

A)   counterconditioning.
B)   systematic desensitization.
C)   a token economy.
D)   exposure therapy.

Question 16

A therapist who uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic methods is said to be

Accepted Answer

A)   client-centered.
B)   eclectic.
C)   humanistic.
D)   meta-analytic.

Question 17

Of the following categories of psychotherapy, which is known for its nondirective nature?

Accepted Answer

A)   psychoanalysis
B)   humanistic therapy
C)   behavior therapy
D)   cognitive therapy

Question 18

Two counterconditioning techniques for replacing unwanted responses are

Accepted Answer

A)   systematic desensitization and free association.
B)   spontaneous recovery and stress inoculation training.
C)   unconditional positive regard and transference.
D)   aversive conditioning and exposure therapy.

Question 19

"The technique reduces people to puppets controlled by therapists! It doesn't respect human freedom." This criticism is most likely to be directed at

Accepted Answer

A)   systematic desensitization.
B)   EMDR.
C)   psychoanalysis.
D)   a token economy.

Question 20

In which of the following does the client learn to associate a relaxed state with a hierarchy of anxiety-arousing situations?

Accepted Answer

A)   cognitive therapy
B)   aversive conditioning
C)   counterconditioning
D)   systematic desensitization

Exam 52: The Psychological Therapies

Which of the following is the best description of behavior modification?

Correct Answer
verified

The goal of stress inoculation training is to reduce incapacitating anxiety by encouraging people to say positive things to themselves during anxiety-producing situations. This best illustrates a form of

Correct Answer
verified

According to Mary Cover Jones, 3-year-old Peter lost his fear of rabbits when one was repeatedly presented while he was eating his midafternoon snack. This episode best illustrated the potential usefulness of

Correct Answer
verified

A therapist who uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic methods is said to be

Correct Answer
verified

Of the following categories of psychotherapy, which is known for its nondirective nature?

Correct Answer
verified

Most self-help and support groups focus on ______ illnesses.

Correct Answer
verified

In which of the following does the client learn to associate a relaxed state with a hierarchy of anxiety-arousing situations?

Correct Answer
verified

During her weekly therapy sessions, Sabrina will often abruptly shift the focus of her attention and lose her train of thought. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates

Correct Answer
verified

Group therapy is typically more effective than individual therapy for

Correct Answer
verified

In classical conditioning therapies, maladaptive symptoms are usually considered to be

Correct Answer
verified

Two counterconditioning techniques for replacing unwanted responses are

Correct Answer
verified

"The technique reduces people to puppets controlled by therapists! It doesn't respect human freedom." This criticism is most likely to be directed at

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Psychoanalysts are most likely to view patient transference as

Correct Answer
verified

Systematic desensitization is a form of

Correct Answer
verified

The operant conditioning technique in which desired behaviors are rewarded with points or poker chips that can later be exchanged for various rewards is called

Correct Answer
verified

Client-centered therapists emphasize the importance of

Correct Answer
verified

The techniques of counterconditioning are based on principles of

Correct Answer
verified

When Molly told her therapist about her frightening car accident, the therapist instructed her to close her eyes and verbalize any further thoughts stimulated by this experience, even if they were scary or embarrassing. The therapist was making use of a technique known as

Correct Answer
verified

Systematic desensitization is to classical conditioning as ________ is to operant conditioning.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 52: The Psychological Therapies

Which of the following is the best description of behavior modification?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The goal of stress inoculation training is to reduce incapacitating anxiety by encouraging people to say positive things to themselves during anxiety-producing situations. This best illustrates a form of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Mary Cover Jones, 3-year-old Peter lost his fear of rabbits when one was repeatedly presented while he was eating his midafternoon snack. This episode best illustrated the potential usefulness of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A therapist who uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic methods is said to be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the following categories of psychotherapy, which is known for its nondirective nature?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most self-help and support groups focus on ______ illnesses.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which of the following does the client learn to associate a relaxed state with a hierarchy of anxiety-arousing situations?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During her weekly therapy sessions, Sabrina will often abruptly shift the focus of her attention and lose her train of thought. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Group therapy is typically more effective than individual therapy for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In classical conditioning therapies, maladaptive symptoms are usually considered to be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two counterconditioning techniques for replacing unwanted responses are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"The technique reduces people to puppets controlled by therapists! It doesn't respect human freedom." This criticism is most likely to be directed at

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychoanalysts are most likely to view patient transference as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Systematic desensitization is a form of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The operant conditioning technique in which desired behaviors are rewarded with points or poker chips that can later be exchanged for various rewards is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Client-centered therapists emphasize the importance of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The techniques of counterconditioning are based on principles of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Molly told her therapist about her frightening car accident, the therapist instructed her to close her eyes and verbalize any further thoughts stimulated by this experience, even if they were scary or embarrassing. The therapist was making use of a technique known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Systematic desensitization is to classical conditioning as ________ is to operant conditioning.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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