Question 1

A person's behavior is most likely to be consistent with his or her attitudes when

Accepted Answer

A)   the attitudes are implicit rather than explicit.
B)   external influences on behavior are minimal.
C)   the person has not publicly communicated those attitudes.
D)   the attitudes are discrepant with most other people's opinions.

Question 2

We are NOT likely to make the fundamental attribution error if we observe someone

Accepted Answer

A)   in a variety of situations.
B)   who is unemployed.
C)   who is wealthy.
D)   we dislike.

Question 3

Instead of providing arguments in favor of a political candidate, ads may build political support by associating pictures of the candidate with emotion-evoking music and images. This strategy best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   the social-responsibility norm.
B)   deindividuation.
C)   peripheral route persuasion.
D)   informational social influence.

Question 4

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Attitudes and actions rarely correspond.
B)   Attitudes predict behavior about half the time.
C)   Attitudes are excellent predictors of behavior.
D)   Attitudes predict behavior under certain conditions.

Question 5

The foot-in-the-door phenomenon refers to the tendency to

Accepted Answer

A)   neglect critical thinking because of a strong desire for social harmony within a group.
B)   perform simple tasks more effectively in the presence of others.
C)   comply with a large request if one has previously complied with a small request.
D)   experience an increasing attraction to novel stimuli as they become more familiar.

Question 6

Which of the following phenomena is best explained by cognitive dissonance theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   fundamental attribution error
B)   the foot-in-the-door phenomenon
C)   peripheral route persuasion
D)   central route persuasion

Question 7

Freire did very poorly on his last arithmetic test. The tendency to make the fundamental attribution error might lead his sixth-grade teacher to conclude that Freire did poorly because

Accepted Answer

A)   he is unmotivated to do well in school.
B)   the test covered material that had not been adequately covered in class.
C)   his parents had an argument the evening before the test.
D)   he was not given enough time to complete the test.

Question 8

After they had first agreed to display a 3-inch "Be a Safe Driver" sign, California home owners were highly likely to permit the installation of a very large and unattractive "Drive Carefully" sign in their front yards. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   the chameleon effect.
B)   the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
C)   the fundamental attribution error.
D)   social facilitation.

Question 9

Compared with people from East Asian cultures, those from individualistic Western countries are more likely to demonstrate

Accepted Answer

A)   conformity.
B)   ingroup bias.
C)   ethnic stereotyping.
D)   the fundamental attribution error.

Question 10

Politicians who publicly oppose a tax increase that they privately favor best illustrate that

Accepted Answer

A)   a pooling of efforts toward a common goal contributes to social loafing.
B)   the presence of others interferes with individual performance on difficult tasks.
C)   actions may sometimes be inconsistent with attitudes.
D)   group discussion enhances a group's prevailing attitudes.

Question 11

In explaining the actions of people we do not know well, we often demonstrate the

Accepted Answer

A)   bystander effect.
B)   mere exposure effect.
C)   fundamental attribution error.
D)   foot-in-the-door phenomenon.

Question 12

Aleksis has recently begun to bully and hurt his younger brother. If this behavior continues, it is likely that Aleksis will

Accepted Answer

A)   experience a substantial loss of self-esteem.
B)   develop an increasing dislike for his brother.
C)   experience a sense of deindividuation.
D)   develop a great sense of admiration and respect for his brother.

Question 13

Whether a person exercises regularly is best predicted by his or her attitude about

Accepted Answer

A)   sports training.
B)   physical health.
C)   exercise.
D)   social loafing.

Question 14

Opinion change resulting from a thoughtful focus on the content of arguments illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   central route persuasion.
B)   normative social influence.
C)   social facilitation.
D)   cognitive dissonance.

Question 15

Cognitive dissonance theory is most helpful for understanding the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)   groupthink on social conflict.
B)   deindividuation on the bystander effect.
C)   team membership on social loafing.
D)   role playing on attitude change.

Question 16

Observing yourself on a video replay is most likely to increase your tendency to attribute your behavior to

Accepted Answer

A)   social norms.
B)   role playing.
C)   personality traits.
D)   the mere exposure effect.

Question 17

Attribution theory suggests that we tend to attribute others' behavior either to their

Accepted Answer

A)   heredity or their environment.
B)   biological motives or their psychological motives.
C)   thoughts or their emotions.
D)   dispositions or their situations.

Question 18

Attribution theory was designed to account for

Accepted Answer

A)   the process of revealing intimate aspects of ourselves to others.
B)   the impact of both heredity and environment on social behavior.
C)   the loss of self-awareness that occurs in group situations.
D)   how people explain others' behavior.

Question 19

Professor Stewart wrote a very positive letter of recommendation for a student despite having doubts about her competence. Which theory best explains why he subsequently began to develop more favorable attitudes about the student's abilities?

Accepted Answer

A)   cognitive dissonance theory
B)   scapegoat theory
C)   two-factor theory
D)   equity theory

Question 20

After she was promoted to a high-level executive position in the large company for which she worked, Jorana developed more pro-business political attitudes. This best illustrates the impact of ________ on attitudes.

Accepted Answer

A)   deindividuation
B)   social facilitation
C)   role playing
D)   mirror-image perceptions

Exam 43: Social Thinking

Freire did very poorly on his last arithmetic test. The tendency to make the fundamental attribution error might lead his sixth-grade teacher to conclude that Freire did poorly because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In explaining the actions of people we do not know well, we often demonstrate the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Opinion change resulting from a thoughtful focus on the content of arguments illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After she was promoted to a high-level executive position in the large company for which she worked, Jorana developed more pro-business political attitudes. This best illustrates the impact of ________ on attitudes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Whether a person exercises regularly is best predicted by his or her attitude about

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Attribution theory suggests that we tend to attribute others' behavior either to their

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Attribution theory was designed to account for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

We are NOT likely to make the fundamental attribution error if we observe someone

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following phenomena is best explained by cognitive dissonance theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After they had first agreed to display a 3-inch "Be a Safe Driver" sign, California home owners were highly likely to permit the installation of a very large and unattractive "Drive Carefully" sign in their front yards. This best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Professor Stewart wrote a very positive letter of recommendation for a student despite having doubts about her competence. Which theory best explains why he subsequently began to develop more favorable attitudes about the student's abilities?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person's behavior is most likely to be consistent with his or her attitudes when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Instead of providing arguments in favor of a political candidate, ads may build political support by associating pictures of the candidate with emotion-evoking music and images. This strategy best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aleksis has recently begun to bully and hurt his younger brother. If this behavior continues, it is likely that Aleksis will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cognitive dissonance theory is most helpful for understanding the impact of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Observing yourself on a video replay is most likely to increase your tendency to attribute your behavior to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared with people from East Asian cultures, those from individualistic Western countries are more likely to demonstrate

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The foot-in-the-door phenomenon refers to the tendency to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Politicians who publicly oppose a tax increase that they privately favor best illustrate that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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