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In the context of citations, explanatory notes are not used for commenting on a source.

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Cheryl is conducting research on the effects of different advertising techniques. In a section of her report, she records all the steps she has taken to prepare the report. This section is an example of _____.


A) scope
B) a citation
C) methodology
D) a bibliography

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Boundaries imposed on a research project outside the control of researchers are called _____.


A) delimitations
B) citations
C) limitations
D) reservations

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C

A research firm wants to conduct a research study to determine what the U.S. population thinks of imported clothing at a given point in time. Describe three primary research options that are available for this type of research. Which option would you recommend to the research firm? Why?

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Answers will vary. Primary research methods include the following: a. Observational studies: These are studies in which the researcher observes and statistically analyzes certain phenomena to assist in establishing new principles or discoveries. b. Experimental research: It typically involves the study of two or more samples that have exactly the same components before a variable is added to one of the samples. c. Normative survey research: This is undertaken to determine the status of something at a specific time. Recommendation: As the research firm is trying to gauge opinions at a given point in time, normative survey research is recommended.

Which of the following statements is true of the procedures section of a report?


A) It does not include the sources that were consulted.
B) It adds credibility to the research process.
C) It eliminates the need for secondary research.
D) It lists the steps in alphabetical order.

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A convincing proposal:


A) will lead to call for bids.
B) will lead to obtaining a contract.
C) will help develop an effective survey instrument.
D) will help decide the authoritative style manual to be followed.

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Which of the following is a common error at the data-gathering stage?


A) Using both primary and secondary data
B) Gathering too much information
C) Using the direct quotation method
D) Gathering data from a large sample size

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Which of the following measures helps to establish boundaries in which a report will be researched and prepared?


A) Limiting the use of technical words
B) Using the what, why, when, where, and who questions
C) Listing the procedures in the methodology section
D) Selecting secondary research methods rather than primary research methods

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Which of the following statements is true of newspapers as a research material?


A) Newspapers are primary research materials.
B) Newspapers give condensed coverage of timely topics.
C) Newspapers are written for specialized audiences.
D) Newspapers are more research oriented than journals.

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Identify a characteristic of reports.


A) Reports typically travel upward in an organization.
B) Reports are very subjective in nature.
C) Reports that follow an inductive organization answer the question first.
D) Reports are generally prepared for a wide audience.

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Many researchers prefer to state hypotheses in the null form because the null hypothesis:


A) reduces a problem to a workable size and also establishes some firm limits to the research.
B) is easier to state than a regular hypothesis.
C) tends to remove the element of prejudice toward a certain answer.
D) states the relationship among the factors being studied.

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Using research samples that are too small is an error at the data-gathering stage.

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Technicorp Electronics, a chain of stores selling electronics in the northeast region of the United States, wants to determine whether it is paying its sales representatives a reasonable salary. The company has decided to survey the salaries of the sales representatives employed in electronics stores in the northeast region to determine how well it is paying its employees. Limit and define the scope of the report, and write a statement of purpose.

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Answers will vary.
What: A study of the ...

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In-text parenthetical citations direct the reader to a list of sources that is arranged alphabetically by the:


A) author's first name.
B) author's last name.
C) name of the publisher.
D) place of publication.

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Which of the following is a difference between primary and secondary research?


A) Unlike primary research, secondary research can be gathered by means of traditional printed sources or by using electronic tools.
B) Unlike secondary research, primary research provides information that has already been created by others.
C) Unlike secondary research, primary research helps researchers save time and effort by not duplicating research that has already been undertaken.
D) Unlike primary research, secondary research includes observation, experimentation, and normative surveys.

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List seven common errors that seriously hinder the interpretation of data.

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Answers will vary. Some of the common er...

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Which of the following studies best exemplifies a longitudinal study?


A) A study of post-recession unemployment rates
B) A study of the effects of high sugar consumption on the health of children and adults
C) A study of the development of babies a month after birth and then again at age five
D) A study of soil erosion during the Asian monsoon season in 2015

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Differentiate between internal reports and external reports.

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Answers will vary. An internal report, such as a production or sales report, travels within an organization. An external report, such as a company's annual report to stockholders, is prepared for distribution outside an organization.

The managers at Fazer Technologies Inc. prepared a report on the profits earned and the losses incurred by the company over the last year and presented it to the stockholders of the company. In this scenario, Fazer Technologies Inc.'s report is an example of a(n) _____.


A) informal report
B) vertical report
C) external report
D) lateral report

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In the context of note-taking, the _____ involves summarizing information in your own words without changing the author's intended meaning.


A) paraphrase method
B) citation method
C) direct quotation method
D) statistical analysis method

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