Question 1

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
-Identify the letter that indicates the blood vessels that delineate the cortex from the medulla.

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   D
E)   E

Question 2

The epithelium lining the urinary bladder that permits distension is

Accepted Answer

A)   stratified squamous.
B)   transitional.
C)   simple squamous.
D)   pseudostratified columnar.

Question 3

In the micturition reflex, the detrusor muscle is stimulated to contract by

Accepted Answer

A)   sphincter neurons from the brain.
B)   sympathetic fibers.
C)   parasympathetic fibers.
D)   visceral sensory fibers from the vagus.

Question 4

The parts of the nephron whose epithelial cells contain the most mitochondria are the

Accepted Answer

A)   renal corpuscle and distal convoluted tubule.
B)   proximal and distal convoluted tubules.
C)   thin segment and glomerular capsule.
D)   vasa recta and collecting tubules.

Question 5

Blood pressure is regulated by a specialized structure, known as the ________, that contacts both the afferent arteriole and the terminal end of the nephron loop.

Accepted Answer

juxtaglome...

Question 6

Which of the following would not inhibit micturition?

Accepted Answer

A)   stimulation of the somatic motor neurons to the external urethral sphincter
B)   activation of the sympathetic pathways
C)   relaxation of the internal urethral sphincter
D)   relaxation of the detrusor muscles

Question 7

Which structure(s)  is (are)  most important for holding the kidney in place in the abdomen?

Accepted Answer

A)   renal vessels
B)   renal ligaments
C)   perirenal and pararenal fat layers and renal fascia
D)   the diaphragm, through its muscle tone

Question 8

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
-Identify the letter that indicates blood vessels covered by podocytes.

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   D
E)   E

Question 9

Contraction of this muscle forces urine from the bladder.

Accepted Answer

A)   cremaster
B)   detrusor
C)   diaphragm
D)   vesicular
E)   dartos

Question 10

The ureters enter the bladder obliquely at the anterolateral corners.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Ladderlike looping blood vessels within the medulla.

Accepted Answer

A)   vasa vasorum
B)   peritubular capillaries
C)   cortical radiate
D)   vasa recta
E)   interlobular

Question 12

Which of the following regions of the nephron is most likely to be found in the renal medulla?

Accepted Answer

A)   glomerulus
B)   proximal convoluted tubule
C)   distal convoluted tubule
D)   collecting duct

Question 13

What anatomical difference makes urinary tract infections more common in females than in males?

Accepted Answer

A)   In males the urethra is made up of three regions, whereas in females it is made of only one.
B)   In females the urethra is attached to the anterior vaginal wall by connective tissue.
C)   In females the urethra is shorter than in males.
D)   In males the urethra is shared by the both the reproductive and the urinary systems, whereas in females it is part of the urinary system only.

Question 14

An important difference between a cuboidal epithelial cell of the proximal versus the distal convoluted tubules is that

Accepted Answer

A)   the former only secretes, the latter only filters.
B)   one lies in the renal cortex, the other in the medulla.
C)   only one has a folded basolateral membrane containing enzymes for ion transport.
D)   the proximal tubule cells have long microvilli that are fewer than or absent from the distal tubule cells.

Question 15

Which gland sits atop each kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)   pancreas
B)   pituitary
C)   adrenal
D)   interlobar gland

Question 16

Between the fibrous renal capsule and the renal fascia is a cushioning and supportive ________ fat capsule.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Between the fibrous renal capsule and the...

Question 17

The only embryonic kidney that survives into adulthood is the

Accepted Answer

A)   pronephros.
B)   mesonephros.
C)   metanephros.
D)   paranephros.

Question 18

The descriptive term for the location of the kidneys relative to the abdominal cavity.

Accepted Answer

A)   retroperitoneal
B)   intraperitoneal
C)   extra abdominal
D)   supraperitoneal
E)   subcapsular

Question 19

The epithelial cells of the distal convoluted tubule have an abundance of absorptive microvilli.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Explain the significance of the intimate anatomical relationship between the nephrons and the peritubular capillaries and vasa recta.

Accepted Answer

The vast majority, 99%, of the filtrate ...

Exam 24: The Urinary System

What anatomical difference makes urinary tract infections more common in females than in males?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ladderlike looping blood vessels within the medulla.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Contraction of this muscle forces urine from the bladder.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blood pressure is regulated by a specialized structure, known as the ________, that contacts both the afferent arteriole and the terminal end of the nephron loop.

Correct Answerverifiedjuxtaglome...View AnswerShow Answer

The descriptive term for the location of the kidneys relative to the abdominal cavity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The parts of the nephron whose epithelial cells contain the most mitochondria are the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions. -Identify the letter that indicates the blood vessels that delineate the cortex from the medulla.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which gland sits atop each kidney?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions. -Identify the letter that indicates blood vessels covered by podocytes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The only embryonic kidney that survives into adulthood is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Between the fibrous renal capsule and the renal fascia is a cushioning and supportive ________ fat capsule.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following regions of the nephron is most likely to be found in the renal medulla?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the significance of the intimate anatomical relationship between the nephrons and the peritubular capillaries and vasa recta.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe vast majority, 99%, of the filtrate ...View AnswerShow Answer

The epithelial cells of the distal convoluted tubule have an abundance of absorptive microvilli.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The epithelium lining the urinary bladder that permits distension is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An important difference between a cuboidal epithelial cell of the proximal versus the distal convoluted tubules is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which structure(s) is (are) most important for holding the kidney in place in the abdomen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ureters enter the bladder obliquely at the anterolateral corners.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the micturition reflex, the detrusor muscle is stimulated to contract by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would not inhibit micturition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The vast majority, 99%, of the filtrate ...
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