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Sulfolobus are archaea that are commonly found in geothermal environments,with an optimum growth temperature of about 80°C.What feature allows archaea to thrive at such temperatures?


A) Archaea use the heat from their environment to produce ATP.
B) Archaea are highly adaptable to changing environmental temperatures.
C) Archaeal membranes contain special lipids.
D) Archaea have two cell walls which helps prevent heat absorption.

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Matthew noticed that his house plants were wilting badly.Which cell structure had most likely contracted?


A) cytoplasm
B) cell wall
C) plasma membrane
D) vacuole

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If a water molecule passes through the outer membrane of a chloroplast,how many more membranes will it have to move through to be in the stroma?


A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

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The major histocompatibility complex is important in a T-cell's ability to:


A) recognize specific bacteria.
B) recognize specific viruses.
C) recognize self from nonself.
D) recognize specific parasites.

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The evolutionary process that created chloroplasts and mitochondria is:


A) endosymbiosis.
B) evolution.
C) symbiosis.
D) punctuated equilibrium.

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Mitochondrial disorders can be caused by mutations in all the following except:


A) mitochondrial DNA
B) nuclear DNA
C) cytoplasmic DNA

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Photosynthetic pigments in bacteria are located in the:


A) nuclei.
B) chloroplasts.
C) cell wall.
D) plasma membrane.
E) plasmids.

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The peptidoglycan of bacterial cell walls contains a carbohydrate matrix linked together by short chains of:


A) amino acids.
B) fatty acids.
C) nucleotides.
D) water molecules.
E) steroids.

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Cardiac muscle cells are connected by special junctions called intercalated discs.Intercalated discs provide strength between cells of tissues which exhibit high mechanical stress,strong flexible connections between tissue cells,and electrical excitability between the cells.Using this information,which junctions are present in intercalated discs?


A) Tight,plasmodesmata,and adherens
B) Tight,plasmodesmata,and desmosomes
C) Gap,adherens,and desmosomes
D) Gap,desmosomes,and hemidesmosomes
E) Adherens,tight,and gap

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Scientists believe that stimulating growth of algae and other organisms can reduce carbon dioxide amounts in the atmosphere.Where is carbon dioxide consumed in a plant cell?


A) Stroma in chloroplasts
B) Matrix in mitochondria
C) Number of amyloplasts
D) Central vacuole
E) Cellulose in cell wall

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Who first described cells?


A) Darwin
B) Golgi
C) Linnaeus
D) Hooke
E) Leeuwenhoek

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Integrins are glycoproteins that help link the cytoskeleton and the:


A) cell wall.
B) extracellular matrix.
C) cytoplasm.
D) ribosomes.

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Given what is known about the minimal essential functions of cellular life,if you could create an artificial cell,what cellular structures must you include?


A) cell wall
B) ribosomes
C) mitochondria
D) nucleus

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When a vesicle moves along microtubules toward the center of the cell,the molecular motor(s) ________ are used?


A) kinesin
B) dynein
C) both kinesin and dynein
D) Molecular motors are not required for movement along microtubules.

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Nuclear pores permit the passage of all the following except:


A) RNA only outward.
B) proteins inward and outward.
C) DNA molecules only outward.

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Mitochondria and chloroplasts are the other organelles besides the nucleus that contain:


A) DNA.
B) pores.
C) channels.
D) plasma membranes.
E) pigments.

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This cellular structure lacks a membrane:


A) endoplasmic reticulum
B) microbody
C) Golgi body
D) nucleoid
E) nucleus

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You have identified an enzyme that appears to be involved in the addition of palmityl group (a fatty acid) to certain proteins.Knowing that palmitoylated proteins are usually targeted for delivery to the plasma membrane,in which organelles might this enzyme be expressed?


A) Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum
B) Golgi apparatus and nucleus
C) Endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes
D) Endoplasmic reticulum and nucleus

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The "X" shaped chromosomal hereditary material can be packaged in this organelle in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells.This organelle is the:


A) mitochondria.
B) chloroplast.
C) nucleoid.
D) nucleus.
E) ribosomes.

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A team of researchers is studying the external structures on the dorsal (back) surface of a spider mite.The spider mite seems to be the habitat of an even smaller mite,which is approximately 0.05mm.While they can see the dorsal surface of the spider mite with their naked eye,they cannot see the mite clearly.The researchers are writing a grant to provide support for a microscope to use to study these new mites.They need to purchase a microscope with a high magnification to observe the new mites on their habitat.Based on the information given,what type of microscope would you suggest?


A) transmission electron microscope
B) scanning electron microscope
C) binocular compound light microscope
D) no microscope is powerful enough to see the smaller mite

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