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Exam 6: Deviance and Crime

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Question 21

Multiple Choice

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Which of these statements about the self or self-concept is false?

A) One's sense of self is not present at birth.
B) In early childhood, one's focus is on the physical and active self.
C) Self-concept is the basis for communication with others.
D) Self-concept is fixed in childhood and unchanging after.

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Question 22

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A____________ is a group of people who are linked by common interests, equal social position, and (usually) similar age.

A) reference group
B) peer group
C) social group
D) primary group

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Question 23

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____________is the lifelong process of social interaction through which individuals acquire a self-identity and the physical, mental, and social skills needed for survival in society.

____________focus on how humans design their own culture and transmit it from generation to generation through socialization. By contrast,____________ assert that nature, in the form of our genetic makeup, is a major factor in shaping human behavior.

According to Freud, a well-adjusted individual successfully manages the opposing forces of the and the _____________.

In psychologist Jean Piaget's theory, by the____________ stage, adolescents are able to engage in highly abstract thought and understand places, things, and events they have never seen. They can think about the future and evaluate different options or courses of action.

Sociologist William Corsaro states that ____________ is an established set of activities or routines, artifacts, values, and concerns that children produce and share and that emerges through interaction as children "borrow" from the adult culture.

Which of these is the correct sequence of psychologist Jean Piaget's stages of cognitive development?

According to sociologist George Herbert Mead, ____________ refers to the process by which a person mentally assumes the role of another person or group in order to understand the world from that person's or group's point of view.

Discuss the view that childhood is a socially constructed category.

____________ are the most likely to emphasize that during infancy and early childhood, family support and guidance are crucial to a child's developing self-concept.

According to ____________ , we cannot form a sense of self without intense social interaction with others.

The "I" is the ____________ element of the self and represents the spontaneous and unique traits of each person.

____________ theorists emphasize that socialization reaffirms and reproduces the class structure in the next generation rather than challenging the conditions that presently exist.

Why is socialization such an important process for human beings?

According to sociologists, there is no such thing as "peer pressure."

During which life stage is socialization the most important?

Piaget suggested that some children move through the stages of cognitive development more quickly than others.

Research indicates that young people in the United States between the ages of 12 to 17 spend an average of almost____________ hours a month watching video on television.

Resocialization is always involuntary.