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Because of recent fossil discoveries, there is no longer any controversy surrounding the placement of Neandertal in the modern human line.​

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Which australopithecine subsisted more on meat than the other?​


A) ​gracile australopithecines
B) ​robust australopithecines
C) ​savannah australopithecines
D) ​Australopithecus ethiopeansis

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Homo erectus placed a new emphasis on:​


A) ​larger tools
B) ​smaller tools
C) ​more multipurpose tools
D) ​pebble tools

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Why does your textbook classify early human ancestors using the genus "australopithecines" instead of a series of species?​


A) ​This was a transitional species in the fossil record.
B) ​Scientists have found very few specimens and are not sure if this is a category.
C) ​There is little diversity in this group of human ancestors.
D) ​It is unclear exactly how many species exist.

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A stone tool with chisel-like edges is called a:​


A) ​flake
B) ​burin
C) ​spear
D) ​hand axe

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All of the following advantages are conferred by obsidian except:​


A) ​it allows a surgeon greater control over cutting
B) ​it can be made sharper than conventional sources for blades
C) ​it is harder than conventional sources for blades
D) ​it is always very difficult to obtain

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On a human skull, how is the foramen magnum positioned to demonstrate bipedalism?​


A) ​It is opened at an angle so that the spinal cord emerges almost horizontally.
B) ​It is primarily positioned on the right of the skull to indicate right-handedness.
C) ​It is lower and positioned more forward on the skull.
D) ​It is positioned on top of the skull and allows the skull plates to suture together after birth.

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The earliest definite australopithecine fossils date back to around how many years ago?​


A) ​3.6 million years
B) ​4.3 million years
C) ​23 million years
D) ​2.4 million years

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The recent African origins hypothesis is also called the _______________ hypothesis.​

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out of Afr...

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Over the course of human evolution, there have been various biological and cultural trends and tendencies within our line. Discuss what you believe are the primary trends over the course of human evolution.​

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Over the course of human evolution, ther...

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Discoverers of Homo sapiens idaltu have used this fossil evidence to argue that Neandertal is part of the direct line of Homo sapiens sapiens.​

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In facial reconstructions of the earliest humans, paleoartists primarily focus on analyzing what types of biological data?​


A) ​DNA and genes
B) ​bones
C) ​preserved soft tissue
D) ​hair

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The first primates emerge around _____________ million years ago.​

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The Oldowan tool tradition is primarily associated with what group of early human ancestors?​


A) ​Homo habilis
B) ​Australopithecines
C) ​Homo erectus
D) ​Homo sapiens

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Around 2.5 million years ago, the human genus __________ first emerged.​

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Neandertals' place in human history remains contentious.​

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Which hypothesis argues that humans originated in Africa some 2 million years ago and then migrated, creating a single species of modern humans maintained by gene flow?​


A) ​multiregional hypothesis
B) ​Eve hypothesis
C) ​recent African origins hypothesis
D) ​out of Africa hypothesis

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A human infant is born with a classic human spinal shape.​

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The recent African origins hypothesis relies upon which kind of genetic data?​


A) ​mitochondrial DNA
B) ​nuclear DNA
C) ​Y-chromosome DNA
D) ​protoplasmic DNA

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Which of the following hypotheses regarding Neandertals was generated following the discovery of the fossils Homo sapiens idaltu?​


A) ​Neandertals represent a dead-end side branch of human evolution.
B) ​Neandertals interbred with Homo sapiens and are in direct line to modern-day humans.
C) ​Neandertals are a side shoot from humane evolution since the time of the australopithecines.
D) ​Neandertals are not human.

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