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Exam 6: Differential Analysis: the Key to Decision Making

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Question 31

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Milford Corporation has in stock 16,100 kilograms of material R that it bought five years ago for $5.75 per kilogram. This raw material was purchased to use in a product line that has been discontinued. Material R can be sold as is for scrap for $3.91 per kilogram. An alternative would be to use material R in one of the company's current products, S88Y, which currently requires 2 kilograms of a raw material that is available for $7.60 per kilogram. Material R can be modified at a cost of $0.77 per kilogram so that it can be used as a substitute for this material in the production of product S88Y. However, after modification, 4 kilograms of material R is required for every unit of product S88Y that is produced. Milford Corporation has now received a request from a company that could use material R in its production process. Assuming that Milford Corporation could use all of its stock of material R to make product S88Y or the company could sell all of its stock of the material at the current scrap price of $3.91 per kilogram, what is the minimum acceptable selling price of material R to the company that could use material R in its own production process? (Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)

A) $0.88 per kg
B) $3.03 per kg
C) $4.57 per kg
D) $3.91 per kg

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Question 32

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Dock Corporation makes two products from a common input. Joint processing costs up to the split-off point total $33,600 a year. The company allocates these costs to the joint products on the basis of their total sales values at the split-off point. Each product may be sold at the split-off point or processed further. Data concerning these products appear below: What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) for the company of processing Product Y beyond the split-off point?

A) $9,600
B) $2,400
C) $33,600
D) $26,400

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Question 33

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Farrugia Corporation produces two intermediate products, A and B, from a common input. Intermediate product A can be further processed into Product X. Intermediate product B can be further processed into Product Y. The common input is purchased in batches that cost $36 each and the cost of processing a batch to produce intermediate products A and B is $15. Intermediate product A can be sold as is for $21 or processed further for $14 to make Product X that is sold for $32. Intermediate product B can be sold as is for $44 or processed further for $28 to make Product Y that is sold for $64. Required: a. Assuming that no other costs are involved in processing the common input or in selling products, what is the profit (loss) from processing one batch of the common input into the products X and Y? Show your work! b. Should each of the intermediate products, A and B, be sold as is or processed further? Explain.

Elfalan Corporation produces a single product. The cost of producing and selling a single unit of this product at the company's normal activity level of 80,000 units per month is as follows: The normal selling price of the product is $67.80 per unit. An order has been received from an overseas customer for 3,000 units to be delivered this month at a special discounted price. This order would not change the total amount of the company's fixed costs. The variable selling and administrative expense would be $1.90 less per unit on this order than on normal sales. Direct labor is a variable cost in this company. Suppose there is ample idle capacity to produce the units required by the overseas customer and the special discounted price on the special order is $60.60 per unit. The monthly financial advantage (disadvantage) for the company as a result of accepting this special order should be:

Key Corporation is considering the addition of a new product. The expected cost and revenue data for the new product are as follows: If the new product is added, the combined contribution margin of the other, existing products is expected to drop $65,000 per year. Total common fixed corporate costs would be unaffected by the decision of whether to add the new product. If the new product is added next year, the financial advantage (disadvantage) resulting from this decision would be:

A cost that is assigned to a product using activity-based costing may or may not be a relevant cost in a decision involving that product.

Elfalan Corporation produces a single product. The cost of producing and selling a single unit of this product at the company's normal activity level of 80,000 units per month is as follows: The normal selling price of the product is $67.80 per unit. An order has been received from an overseas customer for 3,000 units to be delivered this month at a special discounted price. This order would not change the total amount of the company's fixed costs. The variable selling and administrative expense would be $1.90 less per unit on this order than on normal sales. Direct labor is a variable cost in this company. What is the contribution margin per unit on normal sales? (Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)

Cranston Corporation makes four products in a single facility. Data concerning these products appear below: The milling machines are potentially the constraint in the production facility. A total of 28,200 minutes are available per month on these machines. Which product makes the LEAST profitable use of the milling machines? (Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)

Payment of overtime to a worker in order to relax a production constraint could increase the profits of a company.

The Draper Corporation is considering dropping its Doombug toy due to continuing losses. Data on the toy for the past year follow: If the toy were discontinued, Draper could avoid $8,000 per year in fixed costs. The remainder of the fixed costs are not avoidable. The annual financial advantage (disadvantage) for the company from discontinuing the production and sale of Doombugs would be:

Sunk costs are never relevant in decision making.

The Tolar Corporation has 400 obsolete desk calculators that are carried in inventory at a total cost of $26,800. If these calculators are upgraded at a total cost of $10,000, they can be sold for a total of $30,000. As an alternative, the calculators can be sold in their present condition for $11,200. Assume that Tolar decides to upgrade the calculators. At what selling price per unit would the company be as well off as if it just sold the calculators in their present condition?

Opportunity costs represent costs that can be reduced by effective management of operations.

In a factory operating at capacity, every machine and person should be working at the maximum possible rate.

The Draper Corporation is considering dropping its Doombug toy due to continuing losses. Data on the toy for the past year follow: If the toy were discontinued, Draper could avoid $8,000 per year in fixed costs. The remainder of the fixed costs are not avoidable. Suppose that if the Doombug toy is dropped, the production and sale of other Draper toys would increase so as to generate a $16,000 increase in the contribution margin received from these other toys. If all other conditions are the same, the financial advantage (disadvantage) from discontinuing the production and sale of Doombugs would be:

Melbourne Corporation has traditionally made a subcomponent of its major product. Annual production of 30,000 subcomponents results in the following costs: Melbourne has received an offer from an outside supplier who is willing to provide the 30,000 units of the subcomponent each year at a price of $28 per unit. Melbourne knows that the facilities now being used to manufacture the subcomponent could be rented to another company for $80,000 per year if the subcomponent were purchased from the outside supplier. There would be no effect of this decision on the total fixed manufacturing overhead of the company. Assume that direct labor is a variable cost. If Melbourne decides to purchase the subcomponent from the outside supplier, the annual financial advantage (disadvantage) would be:

Dock Corporation makes two products from a common input. Joint processing costs up to the split-off point total $33,600 a year. The company allocates these costs to the joint products on the basis of their total sales values at the split-off point. Each product may be sold at the split-off point or processed further. Data concerning these products appear below: What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) for the company of processing Product X beyond the split-off point?

One of the employees of Davenport Corporation recently was involved in an accident with one of the corporation's delivery vans. The corporation is either going to repair the damaged van or sell it as is and buy a comparable used van. Information related to this decision is provided below: Based on the information above, Davenport would be financially better off:

Fabri Corporation is considering eliminating a department that has an annual contribution margin of $35,000 and $70,000 in annual fixed costs. Of the fixed costs, $25,000 cannot be avoided. The annual financial advantage (disadvantage) for the company of eliminating this department would be:

The management of Woznick Corporation has been concerned for some time with the financial performance of its product V86O and has considered discontinuing it on several occasions. Data from the company's accounting system for this product for last year appear below: In the company's accounting system all fixed expenses of the company are fully allocated to products. Further investigation has revealed that $30,000 of the fixed manufacturing expenses and $13,000 of the fixed selling and administrative expenses are avoidable if product V86O is discontinued. According to the company's accounting system, what is the net operating income earned by product V86O? Include all costs in this calculation-whether relevant or not.