Question 1

Audrey has an altruistic value orientation. Which of the following is likely to be true of Audrey?

Accepted Answer

A)   She has an anxious/ambivalent attachment style.
B)   She has a secure attachment style.
C)   She finds it difficult to trust others.
D)   She is an only child.

Question 2

According to research, racism and authoritarian tendencies tend to increase

Accepted Answer

A)   during times of economic depression.
B)   during times of economic prosperity.
C)   during times of decreasing interest rates.
D)   during times of decreasing unemployment.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a method of using selfish reward-seeking tendencies to draw people out of social traps?

Accepted Answer

A)   giving delayed feedback about energy costs
B)   offering inexpensive solar energy
C)   selling an energy efficient and clean hybrid gas-electric car
D)   making people pay stiff fines for littering

Question 4

In a research study of the effect of descriptive norms on cooperation, under what circumstances were people most likely to cooperate?

Accepted Answer

A)   when they were instructed to do so
B)   when injunctive norms for sharing were activated
C)   when others in the group acted selfishly
D)   when others in the group cooperated

Question 5

What is social dominance orientation? How are those high in SDO likely to feel about military spending and the use of conflict versus cooperation in international affairs?

Accepted Answer

SDO is the desire that one's ingroup dom...

Question 6

Jake comes from England, an individualist culture, whereas Tia comes from the Philippines, a collectivist culture. Who is more likely to make unselfish choices in social dilemmas?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tia, because she comes from a collectivist culture
B)   Tia, because she is female
C)   Jake, because he comes from a collectivist culture
D)   Jake, because he is male

Question 7

Surprisingly, women tend to score higher than men in the motivation for social dominance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What is a social dilemma? Give an example.

Accepted Answer

It is a situation in which an individual profits from selfishness unless everyone choose the selfish alternative, and then the whole group loses.

Question 9

A person with a cooperator value orientation is oriented toward bringing the group benefits, even if it means personal sacrifice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The idea that the socially responsible thing to do is to ride your bike to work instead of driving your car is a/an

Accepted Answer

A)   injunctive norm.
B)   descriptive norm.
C)   social norm.
D)   personal norm.

Question 11

The extent to which a person demonstrates simplified "black-and-white" categorical thinking as opposed to an acknowledgement of all sides of an issue is

Accepted Answer

A)   social dominance orientation.
B)   openness to influence.
C)   integrative complexity.
D)   need for cognition. C

Question 12

City planners decide to institute a program whereby they will occasionally reward random bus riders with $100 gift certificates to the local grocery store. They are attempting to decrease pollution from individual cars by

Accepted Answer

A)   intermittently reinforcing desirable alternative modes of transportation.
B)   continuously reinforcing pro-environmental attitudes.
C)   moving negative consequences into the present.
D)   immediately punishing undesirable behavior.

Question 13

Describe the ways in which the timing of punishments and rewards can be altered to reduce the consequence of short-sighted selfishness. Provide an example of each.

Accepted Answer

Four possible ways: using alternative technologies to change long-term negative consequences; moving future negative consequences to the present; adding immediate punishments for undesirable behaviors; reinforcing more desirable environmental alternatives.

Question 14

One of the reasons social norms may not be effective in a resolving social dilemmas is that they may

Accepted Answer

A)   be of no interest to the target audience.
B)   focus on the wrong descriptive norm.
C)   not be activated in the appropriate context.
D)   not be interested in "doing the right thing."

Question 15

Social dilemmas are situations in which most people receive short-term punishments in return for long-term gains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Overpopulation, destruction of the environment, and international conflict are examples of

Accepted Answer

A)   prisoner's dilemmas.
B)   social dilemmas.
C)   game strategies.
D)   individual-level problems.

Question 17

Define prosocial and egoistic value orientations, and describe the subtypes of each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define prosocial and egoistic value orientations, and...

Question 18

In the Liebrand and VanRun (1985)  "energy conservation" experiment, participants with a value orientation took the most amount of money even when the resource became badly depleted.

Accepted Answer

A)   competitive
B)   cooperative
C)   altruistic
D)   individualistic

Question 19

The_________________game involves a situation in which cooperation results in the largest mutual gain, but selfish actions by one person lead to negative consequences for another person.

Accepted Answer

A)   social problem
B)   selfishness dilemma
C)   survivor challenge
D)   prisoner's dilemma

Question 20

From a purely economic perspective, which of the following options provides the most personal gain?

Accepted Answer

A)   You contribute more than your fair share.
B)   You contribute only as much as others do.
C)   You contribute nothing and other people give more than enough.
D)   You contribute less than others do.

Exam 13: Social Dilemmas: Cooperation Versus Conflict

Audrey has an altruistic value orientation. Which of the following is likely to be true of Audrey?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to research, racism and authoritarian tendencies tend to increase

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a method of using selfish reward-seeking tendencies to draw people out of social traps?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a research study of the effect of descriptive norms on cooperation, under what circumstances were people most likely to cooperate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is social dominance orientation? How are those high in SDO likely to feel about military spending and the use of conflict versus cooperation in international affairs?

Correct AnswerverifiedSDO is the desire that one's ingroup dom...View AnswerShow Answer

Jake comes from England, an individualist culture, whereas Tia comes from the Philippines, a collectivist culture. Who is more likely to make unselfish choices in social dilemmas?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Surprisingly, women tend to score higher than men in the motivation for social dominance.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a social dilemma? Give an example.

Correct AnswerverifiedIt is a situation in which an individual profits from selfishness unless everyone choose the selfish alternative, and then the whole group loses.

A person with a cooperator value orientation is oriented toward bringing the group benefits, even if it means personal sacrifice.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The idea that the socially responsible thing to do is to ride your bike to work instead of driving your car is a/an

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The extent to which a person demonstrates simplified "black-and-white" categorical thinking as opposed to an acknowledgement of all sides of an issue is

Correct AnswerverifiedC

City planners decide to institute a program whereby they will occasionally reward random bus riders with $100 gift certificates to the local grocery store. They are attempting to decrease pollution from individual cars by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the ways in which the timing of punishments and rewards can be altered to reduce the consequence of short-sighted selfishness. Provide an example of each.

Correct AnswerverifiedFour possible ways: using alternative technologies to change long-term negative consequences; moving future negative consequences to the present; adding immediate punishments for undesirable behaviors; reinforcing more desirable environmental alternatives.

One of the reasons social norms may not be effective in a resolving social dilemmas is that they may

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Social dilemmas are situations in which most people receive short-term punishments in return for long-term gains.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Overpopulation, destruction of the environment, and international conflict are examples of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Define prosocial and egoistic value orientations, and describe the subtypes of each.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the Liebrand and VanRun (1985) "energy conservation" experiment, participants with a value orientation took the most amount of money even when the resource became badly depleted.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The_________________game involves a situation in which cooperation results in the largest mutual gain, but selfish actions by one person lead to negative consequences for another person.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

From a purely economic perspective, which of the following options provides the most personal gain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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SDO is the desire that one's ingroup dom...
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It is a situation in which an individual profits from selfishness unless everyone choose the selfish alternative, and then the whole group loses.

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C

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Four possible ways: using alternative technologies to change long-term negative consequences; moving future negative consequences to the present; adding immediate punishments for undesirable behaviors; reinforcing more desirable environmental alternatives.

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