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The Articles of Confederation did which of the following?


A) Provided for a bicameral legislature
B) Established a strong executive branch
C) Allowed the states to retain most of their power
D) Created a way to raise taxes to fund an army
E) Ended slavery

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Because the delegates wanted to prevent the imposition of tyranny, by either the majority or the minority, the government they proposed had which of the following?


A) A guaranteed right to privacy
B) An Electoral College
C) A separation of powers
D) A supremacy doctrine
E) A unicameral legislature

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The only formal method used so far to propose an amendment to the Constitution has been which of the following?


A) The popular vote of the people
B) A two-thirds vote in favor of it by both houses of Congress
C) State legislatures or conventions in three-quarters of the states
D) A national convention
E) A proposal by the president

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The Supreme Court first declared that the courts have the power to overturn government acts that conflict with the Constitution in which of the following cases?


A) Marbury v. Madison
B) McCullough v. Maryland
C) Gideon v. Wainwright
D) Dred Scott v. Sandford
E) Hamilton v. Burr

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The selection of senators by state legislatures was intended to serve as a check on which of the following?


A) State legislatures
B) The Senate
C) Popular will
D) The president
E) Larger states

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In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson's statement that "all men are created equal" is similar to which of the following theorist's belief that government is based on the "consent of the governed"?


A) John Locke
B) James Madison
C) John Hancock
D) Joseph Ellis
E) John Adams

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The president of the United States is selected by which of the following?


A) A popular vote of the people
B) The U.S. Senate
C) The House and Senate combined
D) The Electoral College
E) The governors of the states

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D

Compare and contrast the structures of governments formed under the Articles of Confederation and the U.S. Constitution. How did the weaknesses of the Articles lead to a different structure in the Constitution?

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The structures of the governments formed...

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The concept of separation of powers was included in the Constitution to prevent which of the following?


A) Disputes between the federal and state governments
B) The imposition of export taxes
C) A major dispute over power between the House and the Senate
D) Disputes over power between Congress and the president
E) Tyranny by either the majority or the minority

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E

"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal" are the first words of which of the following documents?


A) The Constitution of the United States of America
B) The Declaration of Independence
C) The Magna Carta
D) The United Nations Charter
E) The Bill of Rights

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While there are multiple ways to formally amend the Constitution, the most common way has been which of the following?


A) The people propose new amendments and Congress ratifies them
B) A national convention proposes new amendments, and state legislatures ratify them.
C) Congress proposes new amendments, and state legislatures ratify them.
D) A national convention proposes new amendments, and special state conventions ratify them.
E) Congress proposes them, and special state conventions ratify them.

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The Bill of Rights provided for which of the following?


A) The protection of individual liberties from state governments
B) The protection of individual liberties from the national government
C) Equal protection under the law
D) Protection against state infringements on the freedoms of conscience, the press, and jury trial
E) The protection of individual liberties from the national government, and protection against state infringements on the freedoms of conscience, the press, and jury trial

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Charles Beard hypothesized which of the following about the Constitution?


A) It was produced by wealthy property owners in order to protect their property.
B) It was produced by abolitionists in order to abolish slavery.
C) It was produced by the poor in order to build economic resilience.
D) It was produced by the politically elite in order to control the bulk of the government's power.
E) It was produced by the poor in order to push toward class-based revolution.

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Describe how the Constitution deals with social and political equality and how this has changed since the Constitution was ratified.

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The Constitution addresses social and po...

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The Virginia Plan included which of the following?


A) It called for a bicameral legislature.
B) It worked to the advantage of the small states.
C) It provided for the direct election of the president by the people.
D) It settled all of the controversies.
E) It called for Supreme Court justices to select the president.

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Which of the following is true of the First Continental Congress?


A) It declared independence from Great Britain.
B) It encouraged the colonists to petition King George III to express their grievances.
C) It was held in Boston, Massachusetts.
D) It urged colonists to purchase British goods to win favor with the king.
E) It produced a document that the colonists found to be coercive.

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How many special state conventions had to ratify the U.S. Constitution before it took effect?


A) Seven
B) Nine
C) Ten
D) Eleven
E) Thirteen

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The first draft of the Declaration of Independence was written by whom?


A) Benjamin Franklin
B) John Locke
C) John Adams
D) Thomas Jefferson
E) George Washington

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States were granted extra representation based on the number of slaves they held under which of the following?


A) The slavery population clause
B) The equal population clause
C) The three-fifths compromise
D) The five-eighths compromise
E) The census clause

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Shays' Rebellion plays an important role in American history for which of the following reasons?


A) It represents the first major battle to occur in the southern colonies during the American Revolution.
B) It anticipated the states' rights battle.
C) It was the last major battle of the Revolutionary War.
D) It made obvious the weaknesses of the government under the Articles of Confederation.
E) It enabled the colonists to reorganize and gain the upper hand against the British in the Revolutionary War.

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D

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