Question 1

What type of chemical reaction results in the breakdown of organic polymers into their respective subunits?

Accepted Answer

A)  condensation
B)  oxidation
C)  hydrolysis
D)  ionization

Question 2

In dehydration synthesis, the atoms that make up a water molecule are derived from:

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen.
B)  only one of the reactants.
C)  both of the reactants.
D)  carbohydrates.
E)  enzymes.

Question 3

The fat substitute Olestra contains a sucrose backbone with six to eight fatty acids attached. How is this different from a naturally occurring fat?

Accepted Answer

A)  Naturally occurring fats contain a glycerol and three fatty acids.
B)  Naturally occurring fats contain a glycerol, two fatty acids, and a phosphate group.
C)  Naturally occurring fats contain a sucrose backbone and three fatty acid chains.
D)  It isn't; Olestra and natural fats have the same structure, just different tastes.

Question 4

A nucleotide is made of a:

Accepted Answer

A)  phospholipid, sugar, and base.
B)  phosphate, protein, and base.
C)  phosphate, sugar, and base.
D)  phospholipid, sugar, and protein.

Question 5

The group of biological molecules that are most diverse in function is:

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrates.
B)  lipids.
C)  proteins.
D)  nucleic acids.

Question 6

Large biological molecules are synthesized by removing:

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon.
B)  covalent bonds.
C)  water.
D)  oxygen.
E)  peptides.

Question 7

Covalent bonds joining two nucleotides within a single strand of DNA form between:

Accepted Answer

A)  a phosphate group and adenine.
B)  deoxyribose and a phosphate group.
C)  adenine and thymine.
D)  the phosphate groups of both.
E)  ribose and a base.

Question 8

Functional groups determine the characteristics and chemical reactivity of organic molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following BEST summarizes the relationship between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dehydration reactions assemble polymers, and hydrolysis breaks them down.
B)  Hydrolysis creates polysaccharides, and dehydration creates monosaccharides.
C)  Dehydration reactions can occur only after hydrolysis.
D)  Hydrolysis creates monomers, and dehydration reactions destroy them.
E)  Dehydration reactions occur only in animals, and hydrolysis reactions occur only in plants.

Question 10

Fats and oils are made of:

Accepted Answer

A)  three glycerols and three fatty acids.
B)  three fatty acids and one glycerol.
C)  one glycogen and two phospholipids.
D)  two fatty acids and one carboxyl acid.
E)  three amino acids and one glycerol.

Question 11

Which molecule is a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose
B)  water
C)  lactose
D)  fructose

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE about waxes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are a type of complex carbohydrate.
B)  They are an important food source, and most animals have enzymes for breaking them down.
C)  They are saturated fats and are solid at normal outdoor temperatures.
D)  They are unsaturated and most similar to proteins.

Question 13

How do two amino acids, such as lysine and methionine, differ from each other?

Accepted Answer

They have ...

Question 14

RNA differs from DNA in that it contains the sugar ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of RNA differs from DNA in that it...

Question 15

Explain how a saturated fat is structurally different from an unsaturated fat.

Accepted Answer

A saturated fat has three fatty acids th...

Question 16

Two classes of organic compounds typically provide energy for living systems. Representatives of these two classes are:

Accepted Answer

A)  fats and amino acids.
B)  amino acids and glycogen.
C)  amino acids and ribose.
D)  fats and polysaccharides.
E)  nucleic acids and phospholipids.

Question 17

In humans, dental cavities form when Streptococcus mutans bacteria in the mouth hydrolyze sucrose. Which of the following is/are released during this reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose and fructose
B)  starch
C)  glucose and galactose
D)  glycogen

Question 18

Phospholipids are unusual yet important to cell membrane structure because they:

Accepted Answer

A)  are part of DNA.
B)  contain nucleic acids.
C)  have a polar end and a nonpolar end.
D)  are found only in animals.
E)  are an important energy carrier molecule.

Question 19

Soap and detergent molecules have a long, hydrophobic "tail" and a polar, hydrophilic "head." They are sometimes referred to as "bridge molecules" because they allow oils and fats to be suspended and "dissolved" in aqueous solutions (which they otherwise would not be able to do) . Imagine that you are using soap to wash away dirt that is being held against your skin in an oily film. In this scenario, how are the soap, dirt/oil, and water arranged at the molecular level?

Accepted Answer

A)  The soap encloses the dirt/oil within a small droplet that has a hydrophobic exterior and a hydrophilic interior.
B)  Water and dirt/oil form covalent bonds inside a small droplet that has a soap-based outer membrane.
C)  The soap molecules encase the dirt/oil within a small droplet that has a water-loving exterior and a water-repelling interior.
D)  The soap is converted into a lipid that binds to the dirt/oil while repelling the water.

Question 20

Which of the following groups is crucial to the structure and function of the sex hormones estrogen and testosterone?

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins
B)  carbohydrates
C)  lipids
D)  nucleic acids

Exam 3: Biological Molecules

A nucleotide is made of a:

Correct Answer
verified

How do two amino acids, such as lysine and methionine, differ from each other?

Correct Answer
verified
They have ...
View Answer

The group of biological molecules that are most diverse in function is:

Correct Answer
verified

What type of chemical reaction results in the breakdown of organic polymers into their respective subunits?

Correct Answer
verified

RNA differs from DNA in that it contains the sugar ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Two classes of organic compounds typically provide energy for living systems. Representatives of these two classes are:

Correct Answer
verified

Covalent bonds joining two nucleotides within a single strand of DNA form between:

Correct Answer
verified

The fat substitute Olestra contains a sucrose backbone with six to eight fatty acids attached. How is this different from a naturally occurring fat?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Fats and oils are made of:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following groups is crucial to the structure and function of the sex hormones estrogen and testosterone?

Correct Answer
verified

In humans, dental cavities form when Streptococcus mutans bacteria in the mouth hydrolyze sucrose. Which of the following is/are released during this reaction?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following BEST summarizes the relationship between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis?

Correct Answer
verified

In dehydration synthesis, the atoms that make up a water molecule are derived from:

Correct Answer
verified

Which molecule is a disaccharide?

Correct Answer
verified

Phospholipids are unusual yet important to cell membrane structure because they:

Correct Answer
verified

Functional groups determine the characteristics and chemical reactivity of organic molecules.

Correct Answer
verified

Explain how a saturated fat is structurally different from an unsaturated fat.

Correct Answer
verified
A saturated fat has three fatty acids th...
View Answer

Large biological molecules are synthesized by removing:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is TRUE about waxes?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 3: Biological Molecules

A nucleotide is made of a:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do two amino acids, such as lysine and methionine, differ from each other?

Correct AnswerverifiedThey have ...View AnswerShow Answer

The group of biological molecules that are most diverse in function is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of chemical reaction results in the breakdown of organic polymers into their respective subunits?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

RNA differs from DNA in that it contains the sugar ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two classes of organic compounds typically provide energy for living systems. Representatives of these two classes are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Covalent bonds joining two nucleotides within a single strand of DNA form between:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fat substitute Olestra contains a sucrose backbone with six to eight fatty acids attached. How is this different from a naturally occurring fat?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fats and oils are made of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following groups is crucial to the structure and function of the sex hormones estrogen and testosterone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In humans, dental cavities form when Streptococcus mutans bacteria in the mouth hydrolyze sucrose. Which of the following is/are released during this reaction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following BEST summarizes the relationship between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In dehydration synthesis, the atoms that make up a water molecule are derived from:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which molecule is a disaccharide?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phospholipids are unusual yet important to cell membrane structure because they:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Functional groups determine the characteristics and chemical reactivity of organic molecules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain how a saturated fat is structurally different from an unsaturated fat.

Correct AnswerverifiedA saturated fat has three fatty acids th...View AnswerShow Answer

Large biological molecules are synthesized by removing:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is TRUE about waxes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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They have ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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A saturated fat has three fatty acids th...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified