Exam 8: Environmental Health and Toxicology

A) Bioaccumulation occurs in an individual,while biomagnification occurs through the food chain.
B) Biomagnification occurs in an individual,while bioaccumulation occurs through the food chain.
C) Bioaccumulation occurs in humans,while biomagnification occurs in animals in nature.
D) Biomagnification involves storing substances in adipose tissue,while bioaccumulation refers to water soluble substances.
E) Bioaccumulation is a regular cellular process,while biomagnification refers to toxic substances.

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A) malaria
B) formaldehyde
C) mercury
D) DDT

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A) scientific data.
B) whimsical preference devoid of logic.
C) logical reasoning about relative risks.
D) personal biases and preferences as well as logic.
E) statistical probabilities.

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A) zero tolerance
B) precautionary
C) case-by-case
D) restrictive

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A) is an acceptable level of risk for most individuals.
B) all individuals react to.
C) kills individuals 50 years old and over.
D) is 50 times less than the minimal dose.
E) kills half of the population.

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A) The elimination of top consumers can favor disease-carrying organisms.
B) Mosquitoes with an aquatic larval form spread many highly contagious diseases.
C) The standing water is used for drinking and disease organisms in the water cause diarrhea.
D) All of these explain the connection between rainforest destruction and human morbidity and mortality.

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A) higher trophic level organisms can concentrate toxins in a type of "inverse biological pyramid."
B) birds should not depend on fish for food.
C) DDT is easily metabolized and excreted by most organisms.
D) DDT is an extremely water-soluble material.
E) water-soluble toxins are widespread.

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A) phthalates.
B) perchlorate.
C) PDBEs.
D) PFOs.
E) phosphates.

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A) most serious.
B) easiest to clean up.
C) most well publicized and frightening.
D) easiest to research.

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A) solubility.
B) reactivity.
C) persistence.
D) toxicity.
E) dose.

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A) retain their toxicity as they cycle through the food chain and environment.
B) lose their toxicity once released in the environment.
C) accumulate within one organism but break down at higher trophic levels.
D) are highly unusual among artificial chemicals.
E) are usually not that toxic in their life span.

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A) physical
B) mental and physical
C) social and mental
D) physical,mental,and social
E) physical and social

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A) If a substance is toxic,its toxicity is highly dependent on its form and where it is present in the environment.
B) If a substance is toxic,it is equally toxic regardless of its form or where it is present in the environment.
C) The most important factor in the toxicity of a substance is the route by which it enters our bodies.
D) None of these statements are true.

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A) poisonous snakes
B) dog bites
C) plane crashes
D) lightning
E) drowning

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A) epigenome.
B) genome.
C) mutagen.
D) chronic effect.
E) carcinogen.

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