Question 1

One response to Mischel's critique asserts that a fair review of the research on the predictability of behavior from personality traits would likely indicate that

Accepted Answer

A)   behavior can never be reliably predicted from personality variables.
B)   the predictability of behavior from personality traits is better than Mischel acknowledged.
C)   the predictability of behavior from situations is worse than the predictability from personality.
D)   Mischel was right that personality traits are unpredictable from behavior.

Question 2

Personality trait measurements are typically made on a(n)  ________ scale.

Accepted Answer

A)   nominal
B)   ordinal
C)   ratio
D)   quasi-nominal

Question 3

What is interactionism? Explain different ways that personality attributes and situations can work together. Illustrate your arguments using examples of the associations between personality and work outcomes.

Accepted Answer

Interactionism is a psychological theory...

Question 4

In his book, Personality and Assessment, Mischel argued that behavior can be MOST accurately predicted from

Accepted Answer

A)   situations.
B)   personality variables.
C)   motivations.
D)   goals.

Question 5

Match the position or person who would most endorse each argument.
-A correlation of .30 to .40 is very small.

Accepted Answer

A)  Situationist critique
B)  Walter Mischel
C)  Pro-personality response
D)  David Funder
E)  Henry Murray

Question 6

Situationism is the position that

Accepted Answer

A)   situations do not influence behavior.
B)   situations are less important than personality traits in determining behavior.
C)   the ability of personality traits to predict behavior is severely limited.
D)   trait words are more than mere descriptions of situations.

Question 7

In Leikas, Lönnqvist, and Verkasalo (2012) , participants interacted with trained actors. The number of times a participant gazed into the eyes of his or her partner depended a lot on the behavior of the partner. Which of the following reflects the correct interpretation of this result?

Accepted Answer

A)   The amount of variability explained by the person was small.
B)   The amount of variability explained by the person was large.
C)   The amount of variability explained by the situation was small.
D)   The amount of variability explained by the situation was large.

Question 8

Match the position or person who would most endorse each argument.
-The BESD shows that r =.30 implies 6 percent predictive accuracy.

Accepted Answer

A)  Situationist critique
B)  Walter Mischel
C)  Pro-personality response
D)  David Funder
E)  Henry Murray

Question 9

A recent review of the entire literature on social psychology concluded that the situational effect was about

Accepted Answer

A)   .10.
B)   .20.
C)   .40.
D)   .50. B

Question 10

Based on recent research, what is likely to happen when an aggressive person plays a competitive multiplayer video game?

Accepted Answer

A)   The aggressive person will be less aggressive.
B)   The aggressive person will evoke aggression from the other players.
C)   The aggressive person will frequently win.
D)   There is no ability to predict how the aggressive person will behave in this context.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a reason that older people believe their personalities are more consistent than those of younger people?

Accepted Answer

A)   Their social roles are more stable.
B)   They are more mature.
C)   They have more wealth accumulated.
D)   They have more responsibilities.

Question 12

A social psychologist focused on statistical significance is concerned with ________, whereas a personality researcher focused on effect sizes is concerned with ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   documenting the existence of an effect; quantifying the size of an effect
B)   quantifying the size of an effect; documenting the existence of an effect
C)   squaring correlations; Binomial Effect Size Displays
D)   process; outcome

Question 13

Describe why the Funder and Ozer (1983) calculation of effect sizes from famous experiments in social psychology is important for undermining the situationist argument. How does Funder believe that these results should be interpreted?

Accepted Answer

The Funder and Ozer (1983) calculation o...

Question 14

Which of the following was NOT one of the types of data that Mischel compared to one another?

Accepted Answer

A)   S data and B data
B)   S data and S data
C)   I data and B data
D)   B data and B data

Question 15

Political liberalism is associated with what trait?

Accepted Answer

A)   openness to experience
B)   neuroticism
C)   extraversion
D)   conscientiousness

Question 16

Match the correct term with each definition.
-The friendliest person at a party is probably also the friendliest in class.

Accepted Answer

A)  Relative consistency
B)  Situationism
C)  The "personality coefficient"
D)  Aggregation
E)  InteractionismF) BESD

Question 17

According to the text, historically, ________ tended to regard individual differences as relatively unimportant, while ________ tended to put such differences front and center.

Accepted Answer

A)   sociologists; philosophers
B)   tenured psychologists; pre-tenured psychologists
C)   behavioralists; evolutionary psychologists
D)   social psychologists; personality psychologists

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT one of the responses to the situationist argument?

Accepted Answer

A)   Personality researchers argued that Mischel's literature review was selective.
B)   Personality researchers searched for certain kinds of people who were more consistent than others.
C)   Personality researchers started to think more carefully about the importance of a correlation of .40.
D)   Personality researchers worked harder to find single traits that could strongly predict single responses at a particular point in time.

Question 19

Match the correct term with each definition.
-The situation is more important than the person in determining behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  Relative consistency
B)  Situationism
C)  The "personality coefficient"
D)  Aggregation
E)  InteractionismF) BESD B

Question 20

Funder notes that the person who is most talkative at a party is also likely to be the most talkative at the department of motor vehicles (DMV) . Which of the following terms describes this principle?

Accepted Answer

A)   absolute consistency
B)   relative consistency
C)   absolute change
D)   relative change B

Exam 4: Persons and Situations

One response to Mischel's critique asserts that a fair review of the research on the predictability of behavior from personality traits would likely indicate that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Personality trait measurements are typically made on a(n) ________ scale.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is interactionism? Explain different ways that personality attributes and situations can work together. Illustrate your arguments using examples of the associations between personality and work outcomes.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIInteractionism is a psychological theory...View AnswerShow Answer

In his book, Personality and Assessment, Mischel argued that behavior can be MOST accurately predicted from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the position or person who would most endorse each argument. -A correlation of .30 to .40 is very small.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Situationism is the position that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Leikas, Lönnqvist, and Verkasalo (2012) , participants interacted with trained actors. The number of times a participant gazed into the eyes of his or her partner depended a lot on the behavior of the partner. Which of the following reflects the correct interpretation of this result?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the position or person who would most endorse each argument. -The BESD shows that r =.30 implies 6 percent predictive accuracy.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A recent review of the entire literature on social psychology concluded that the situational effect was about

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Based on recent research, what is likely to happen when an aggressive person plays a competitive multiplayer video game?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a reason that older people believe their personalities are more consistent than those of younger people?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A social psychologist focused on statistical significance is concerned with ________, whereas a personality researcher focused on effect sizes is concerned with ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe why the Funder and Ozer (1983) calculation of effect sizes from famous experiments in social psychology is important for undermining the situationist argument. How does Funder believe that these results should be interpreted?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe Funder and Ozer (1983) calculation o...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following was NOT one of the types of data that Mischel compared to one another?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Political liberalism is associated with what trait?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the correct term with each definition. -The friendliest person at a party is probably also the friendliest in class.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text, historically, ________ tended to regard individual differences as relatively unimportant, while ________ tended to put such differences front and center.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT one of the responses to the situationist argument?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the correct term with each definition. -The situation is more important than the person in determining behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Funder notes that the person who is most talkative at a party is also likely to be the most talkative at the department of motor vehicles (DMV) . Which of the following terms describes this principle?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

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Answered by ExamLex AI
Interactionism is a psychological theory...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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B

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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A social psychologist focused on statistical significance is concerned with , whereas a personality researcher focused on effect sizes is concerned with .

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The Funder and Ozer (1983) calculation o...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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According to the text, historically, tended to regard individual differences as relatively unimportant, while tended to put such differences front and center.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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B

Correct Answer
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B