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Exam 2: Research in Abnormal Psychology

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Question 1

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A therapist has created a new psychotherapy approach and initiates this treatment with a client. The therapist conducts a case study and publishes the results. Which factor is MOST likely to be present in this study?

A) Observer bias
B) Placebo effect
C) Lack of informed consent
D) High external validity

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Question 2

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A researcher finds a strong positive correlation between ratings of life stress and symptoms of depression. Therefore, the researcher may be confident that:

A) life stress causes symptoms of depression.
B) symptoms of depression cause life stress.
C) something else causes stress and depression.
D) life stress and depression are related.

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Question 3

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To justify analogue experiments that use animals, researchers must:

Which correlation coefficient is of the highest magnitude?

Researchers are examining the effects of listening to background music on the stress levels of truck loaders. Only experienced loaders are included in the study. During the morning shift, music is played. During the afternoon shift, no music is played. What is a potential confound in this experiment?

If an epidemiological study shows that eating disorders are more common in Western countries than in Eastern countries, a researcher could conclude:

One reason why psychologists may use quasi-experimental designs is that:

Clinical researchers form general, or _____, knowledge about the nature, causes, and treatments of abnormal behavior.

"The heavier you are, the more food you are likely to eat." If true, this statement expresses:

Clinical researchers are usually concerned with a(n) _____ understanding of abnormality, while practitioners focus on a(n) _____ understanding.

A psychologist was interested in the effect of hunger on psychological disturbances. The psychologist deprived half of a group of healthy volunteers of food for one day and fed the other half normally. The next day, all participants took the MMPI-2. What was the independent variable?

The prevalence rate for a disorder will _____ the incidence rate.

A person says, "I think the Red Sox win more games on Tuesdays than on any other day of the week." Although this statement is not very scientific, it is a(n) :

The principle of informed consent assumes that:

A researcher is designing a study to compare school achievement in children whose mothers drank alcohol during pregnancy and children whose mothers did not drink alcohol during pregnancy. Briefly describe two ways the researcher could ensure that the study has good internal validity and two ways the researcher could ensure that it has good external validity.

A researcher randomly assigns young women with anorexia to one of two groups. Participants in group A receive psychotherapy and drug treatments; participants in group B receive attention (but no therapy) and a sugar pill. The researcher then compares participants in the two groups on relief of anorexia symptoms. This is an example of a(n) :

If a research study concludes that the more activities a person participates in, the less likely that person is to be depressed, the conclusion would be expressed as a(n) :

The direction of magnitude is expressed by the statistical term called the _____.

If one were studying the hypothesis that people with high levels of stress are more likely to get cancer and wanted to include a matched control group, that group would:

To study some gender differences, a researcher selected a group of 10 men and 10 women and treated all participants exactly the same. Each participant was given a test of psychological function. This study is an example of a(n) :