Question 1

Stimulus matching refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)   copying the exact actions that are observed.
B)   directly comparing a generated stimulus with an observed stimulus.
C)   copying the end result of a behavior that is observed.
D)   being able to imagine oneself in the place of another person. B

Question 2

In songbirds, what part or parts of the brain control the production of songs?

Accepted Answer

A)   Area X
B)   the high vocal center (HV
C)   and the robust nucleus of the archistriatum (R
A)  
C)   the lateral magnocellular nucleus of the anterior neostriatum (LMAN) 
D)   the frontal cortex

Question 3

Perspective taking is an ability that:

Accepted Answer

A)   requires visual feedback.
B)   occurs in most mammals and birds.
C)   occurs only for relatively complex behaviors.
D)   is possessed by few species other than humans.

Question 4

Which species are the only mammals other than humans that are known to be able to flexibly imitate sounds?

Accepted Answer

A)   dogs
B)   birds
C)   dolphins
D)   whales

Question 5

The act of modifying vocal outputs using memories of previously experienced sounds is known as vocal:

Accepted Answer

A)   imitation.
B)   emulation.
C)   learning.
D)   assessment. C

Question 6

Which statement is TRUE regarding vocal learning in songbirds?

Accepted Answer

A)   Baby birds raised without contact with their own species still learn their own song.
B)   If young birds are exposed to both the songs of their own species and the songs of a different species, they will readily learn both species' songs.
C)   The songs that birds sing are genetically predetermined.
D)   The songs that birds sing can show differences in dialect.

Question 7

Mia saw a movie with her friend and observed her friend crying during the sad parts. When Mia went to another movie with her parents the following weekend, she began to cry during the sad parts. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)   observational conditioning.
B)   stimulus enhancement.
C)   social conformity.
D)   emotional contagion.

Question 8

In the basic process to explain how people copy, which step takes into consideration the actions of others as cues that act as a magnet for attention?

Accepted Answer

A)   presence of a model
B)   accessible format
C)   ability to reproduce the action
D)   motivation for reproducing

Question 9

The copying that involves the reproduction of sound is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   ventriloquism.
B)   vocal imitation.
C)   vocal emulation.
D)   emotional contagion.

Question 10

In observational learning, it is difficult to predict what an organism will learn because:

Accepted Answer

A)   learning occurs during copying but not during observation.
B)   it is not always possible to determine what the organism perceives from the model.
C)   the behavior can often be explained by instrumental conditioning rather than by observational learning.
D)   it is hard to determine whether feedback is being provided to the observer.

Question 11

The third phase of song learning in songbirds involves:

Accepted Answer

A)   memorizing songs.
B)   practicing songs.
C)   comparing their own songs to memories of songs they have heard in the past.
D)   learning when it is appropriate to sing.

Question 12

If one is waiting to purchase an item from the vending machine and the person in front loses some money and one decides not to risk losing one's money and use another machine, this is known as social:

Accepted Answer

A)   discrimination.
B)   transmission.
C)   learning.
D)   conformity.

Question 13

According to modern social-learning theory, learning occurs as a result of:

Accepted Answer

A)   observation.
B)   conditioning.
C)   both observation and conditioning.
D)   both observation and performance of the behavior. A

Question 14

Which statement is TRUE regarding the brains of individuals with autism?

Accepted Answer

A)   They show more overall activity-related circulation of blood within the temporal lobes.
B)   Cortical activation patterns are normal.
C)   Their hippocampus is normal in size.
D)   Many brain areas are abnormal in size.

Question 15

In Bandura's Bobo doll study, Bandura believed that the children were learning the aggressive acts:

Accepted Answer

A)   after being rewarded for their behavior.
B)   when they were imitating the model.
C)   while they were observing the model.
D)   right before they observed the model.

Question 16

Studies of social transmission of food preferences in rats have shown that hippocampal lesions result in:

Accepted Answer

A)   anterograde amnesia but not retrograde amnesia.
B)   anterograde amnesia and retrograde amnesia.
C)   retrograde amnesia that is worse for older memories than for newly acquired memories.
D)   retrograde amnesia that is worse for newly acquired memories than for older memories.

Question 17

Which scenario is an example of emotional contagion?

Accepted Answer

A)   A baby cries in the pediatrician's office, and the other babies begin to cry as well.
B)   A dog salivates at the sound of a bell.
C)   A young child cries at the site of her mom.
D)   Repeated shocks have taught the mouse to stay in the corner whether or not a shock is received.

Question 18

Learning to speak or sing may not only make easier to communicate but serve:

Accepted Answer

A)   to increase one's ability to "fit in."
B)   participate in social activities.
C)   increase opportunities for learning.
D)   All of the answers are correct.

Question 19

Which statement is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)   All animals that can vocalize can learn to do it by using vocal imitation.
B)   All animals that can vocalize can learn vocally to some extent.
C)   All animals can learn vocally.
D)   All animals that vocally learn must be able to vocally imitate.

Question 20

Which are the only mammals other than humans that have the flexibility to imitate sounds?

Accepted Answer

A)   rats
B)   whales
C)   birds
D)   dolphins

Exam 11: Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting, and Reenacting

Stimulus matching refers to:

Correct AnswerverifiedB

In songbirds, what part or parts of the brain control the production of songs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Perspective taking is an ability that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which species are the only mammals other than humans that are known to be able to flexibly imitate sounds?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The act of modifying vocal outputs using memories of previously experienced sounds is known as vocal:

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which statement is TRUE regarding vocal learning in songbirds?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mia saw a movie with her friend and observed her friend crying during the sad parts. When Mia went to another movie with her parents the following weekend, she began to cry during the sad parts. This is an example of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the basic process to explain how people copy, which step takes into consideration the actions of others as cues that act as a magnet for attention?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The copying that involves the reproduction of sound is known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In observational learning, it is difficult to predict what an organism will learn because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The third phase of song learning in songbirds involves:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If one is waiting to purchase an item from the vending machine and the person in front loses some money and one decides not to risk losing one's money and use another machine, this is known as social:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to modern social-learning theory, learning occurs as a result of:

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which statement is TRUE regarding the brains of individuals with autism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Bandura's Bobo doll study, Bandura believed that the children were learning the aggressive acts:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Studies of social transmission of food preferences in rats have shown that hippocampal lesions result in:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which scenario is an example of emotional contagion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Learning to speak or sing may not only make easier to communicate but serve:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which are the only mammals other than humans that have the flexibility to imitate sounds?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A

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