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Imagine that you are a clinical researcher who studies depression.Provide an example of basic research and applied research that you might conduct.

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Which of the following is a reason why it is important to be a knowledgeable consumer of research?


A) It is important to know how to write in APA style.
B) It is important to understand how to design an effective study.
C) It is important to know why researchers protect the anonymity of participants.
D) It is important to understand whether the information you read is accurate.

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Dr.Smitherman insists that all his research assistants know how to be producers of research.All of the following relate to this requirement EXCEPT:


A) He wants to make sure they understand how to write in APA style.
B) He wants to make sure they understand why anonymity is important.
C) He wants to make sure they understand how to interpret study results and graphs.
D) He wants to make sure they have previously been participants in research studies.

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Which of the following is an example of translational research?


A) An industrial-organizational psychologist who is interested in the components of job satisfaction
B) A clinical psychologist who examines the effectiveness of art therapy in decreasing symptoms of ADHD
C) A sports psychologist who uses information on how we emotionally process victory to design an intervention for improving mental stamina during athletic performance
D) A cognitive psychologist who examines people's ability to distinguish between colors based on light exposure

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What is the difference between a theory and a hypothesis?

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A hypothesis is a prediction about what ...

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Paul wakes up on Tuesday morning and none of the lights or the appliances in his apartment are working.What theory might explain why this is happening? What could Paul do to test this theory? How is this an example of the theory-data cycle in science?

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The quality of journalists' coverage of a science story will be determined by two factors:


A) the importance and accuracy of the story.
B) the length and source of the story.
C) the education and experience of the journalist.
D) the education and experience of the scientist.

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RESEARCH STUDY 1.1: Deci and Ryan (1985, 2001) have proposed that there are three fundamental needs that are required for human growth and fulfillment: relatedness, autonomy, and competence.Susan predicts that students who have these needs met in their psychology class feel happier and more satisfied with the class.She collects data and finds that students who feel more related and competent do feel happier but that feeling more autonomous does not seem to matter.Susan thinks that maybe autonomy is only necessary when people are in situations in which they are not being evaluated. After Susan collects and analyzes her data, which of the following is the next logical step?


A) Susan writes a paper challenging Self-Determination Theory because only some of her data supported it.
B) Susan ignores the data that did not fit the theory.
C) Susan recalculates her data to fit the theory.
D) Susan alters or amends the theory to fit her data.

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A research consumer scientific results.


A) analyzes
B) produces
C) reads
D) graphs

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RESEARCH STUDY 1.2: Dr.White reads about a new theory that states that depression is caused by increased levels of estrogen in the womb.To test this theory, she conducted a study comparing the level of estrogen in amniotic fluid in individuals who were later diagnosed with depression with the level of those who did not develop depression.Dr.White found no differences between the groups in estrogen levels in the amniotic fluid. Based on these results, Dr.White should conclude that:


A) she has disproved the previous theory.
B) her study was probably flawed in some way.
C) previous studies that support the theory are probably flawed.
D) there may be factors influencing the results that haven't yet been examined that contributed to the results of studies on this topic.

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Which of the following is an example of basic research?


A) An industrial-organizational psychologist who is interested in the components of job commitment
B) A clinical psychologist who examines the effectiveness of drama therapy in helping children who have been abused
C) An educational psychologist who examines how mindset ("intelligence is innate" or "intelligence can be achieved") affects academic performance
D) An experimental psychologist who examines people's ability to perceive a "sweet" taste

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D

Which of the following is true of the difference between basic and applied research?


A) Basic and applied research have different goals.
B) Applied research is more important than basic research.
C) Basic research is more difficult to conduct than applied research.
D) Applied research is done by consumers of research.

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Translational research is best thought of as basic research and applied research.


A) superior to both
B) inferior to both
C) a bridge between
D) another word for

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Which of the following is a benefit of the peer-review process?


A) Reviewers' names are made public so they can defend their critiques of an article.
B) The journal editor provides input on study design to ensure rigorous scientific methods.
C) Reviewers' names are kept anonymous so they can be open in their critiques of an article.
D) Non-significant results are not considered for publication to ensure interesting research.

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Students who are interested in being consumers of, but not producers of, research might choose which of the following professions?


A) A clinical psychologist
B) An intervention program evaluator
C) A political pollster
D) An advertising executive

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RESEARCH STUDY 1.2: Dr.White reads about a new theory that states that depression is caused by increased levels of estrogen in the womb.To test this theory, she conducted a study comparing the level of estrogen in amniotic fluid in individuals who were later diagnosed with depression with the level of those who did not develop depression.Dr.White found no differences between the groups in estrogen levels in the amniotic fluid. In this study, "depressed individuals will have higher estrogen levels" was the .


A) theory
B) research question
C) hypothesis
D) data

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Your friend Gaby loves reading articles about psychology studies in her monthly women's magazine.Which of the following would you tell her?


A) "Stop reading those articles because they are never accurate."
B) "Peer-reviewed journals are much easier to read than magazines."
C) "Be careful about reading those articles because they may not present findings accurately."
D) "Reading those magazines is just as good as reading the peer-reviewed journals."

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C

Explain why the relationship between applied and basic research can best be thought of as interrelated.

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These two types of research are best tho...

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Another word for hypothesis is a(n) .


A) theory
B) observation
C) prediction
D) outcome

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C

Vinai learns that people with schizophrenia have a problem labeling their emotions.Using this information, he designs a research study to examine whether teaching patients with schizophrenia to label the emotions of people they see in movie clips helps them to better label their own emotions.Vinai hopes that the findings of this research could then be used to create an intervention to treat schizophrenia.Vinai's study is an example of:


A) basic research.
B) applied research.
C) empirical research.
D) translational research.

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