A) closed shop
B) lockout
C) yellow dog contract
D) blacklist
E) company town
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Multiple Choice
A) the U.S. Constitution did not permit the government to regulate private industry.
B) the state legislatures were acting on behalf of private interest, Illinois farmers.
C) the state legislatures had provided the railroad company with state regulatory exemptions when land grant legislation was enacted to help create the railroad.
D) railroad executives had committed no illegal acts in their business.
E) railroads were interstate businesses and could not be regulated by any single state.
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A) lucrative government grants that were offered to would-be inventors.
B) a chance to strike it rich via technological innovation.
C) that machines would enable them to replace expensive skilled workers with cheap unskilled workers.
D) that machines could do the work five times faster than humans did.
E) None of these choices are correct.
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A) romantic idea that industrialization diminished workers' spiritual quality of life.
B) assertion that workers were brutalized by the industrial system.
C) argument that American living standards were not raised by industrialization.
D) claim that American industrialization sharpened class divisions.
E) assertion that most great American fortunes came from inherited wealth.
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A) a large pool of unskilled labor.
B) an abundance of natural resources.
C) American ingenuity and inventiveness.
D) immigration restrictions.
E) a political climate favoring business.
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A) economic swings and depressions.
B) employers' whims.
C) new educational requirements for jobs.
D) sudden unemployment.
E) illness and accident.
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A) Union Pacific
B) Northern Pacific
C) Central Pacific
D) Southern Pacific
E) Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe
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A) its refusal to endorse social reform and the eight-hour day.
B) stiff competition from the National Labor Union.
C) its association in the public mind with the Haymarket riot.
D) its inclusion of both skilled and unskilled workers.
E) an unrealistic dream that all nineteenth-century American workers would eventually become producers.
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A) agriculture.
B) urbanization.
C) feminism.
D) immigration.
E) industrialization.
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A) when American workers achieved a greater degree of class consciousness.
B) by strengthening the economic and political independence of the workers.
C) through the destruction of the American Federation of Labor.
D) by the development of strong craft unions.
E) by forming an independent political movement.
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A) enabled farmers to make a highly profitable living by shipping their goods across the country.
B) enabled people from farms and small towns to visit the big cities.
C) united the nation into a single, integrated national market.
D) made it possible for some immigrants to settle in the West.
E) developed a skilled industrial workforce.
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