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When Jim was a child his parents regularly told him he was stupid and problematic. Earlier this year Jim broke up with his fiancé and felt as though he would never be loved again. When Thomas was a child he was occasionally told he was loved. Thomas applied to and was rejected from a number of graduate school programs. Thomas felt it was quite unfortunate that he did not get into graduate school, and he was quite displeased. He did, however, recognize that he could apply again next year. -According to Ellis,the crucial element(s) in Jim's case would be:


A) Jim being regularly told as a child that he was stupid.
B) Jim breaking with his fiancé.
C) Jim's interpretation of his break-up.
D) the emotional consequences of Jim's break-up.

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According to REBT,anxiety:


A) is the gap between the now and then,the here and there.
B) is not the cause of problems,but rather a troubling result of living a divided life.
C) is removed by effectively disputing inappropriate use of labels or childish demands.
D) serves the purpose of keeping the client from having to take action and move ahead into the future.

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In addition to standard cognitive therapy,schema focused psychotherapy emphasizes which of the following?


A) Limited reparenting
B) Mindfulness/acceptance
C) Collaborative empiricism
D) Shame-attacking exercises

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The old saying,"Different strokes for different folks" seems especially apt when it comes to matching different therapies to patients' coping style and level of resistance.In fact,Beutler and colleagues (1993,2000) have found across a series of studies that patients with internalizing coping style:


A) did better than those with externalizing coping styles in cognitive and cognitive-behavioral therapies.
B) did better than those with externalizing coping styles in insight-oriented therapies.
C) did no better or worse than patients with externalizing coping styles.
D) did better than those patients with low resistance.

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Cognitive restructuring is often promoted by the following questions EXCEPT:


A) What's another way of looking at it?
B) What do you do that makes you feel better/good?
C) So what if it happens?
D) What's the evidence?

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Some reasons put forth to explain the declining difference in outcome effects between cognitive and noncognitive therapies include all of the following EXCEPT:


A) limited training of those conducting cognitive therapy.
B) reduced influence of effects related to investigator allegiance.
C) dilution of the therapy's power as it was disseminated beyond those in pioneering groups.
D) improved methodological rigor of contemporary research studies.

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Ellis distinguished between two forms of REBT,in part to clarify their relationship to cognitive-behavior therapy.As reported in the text,from Ellis' perspective,which of the following statements is true?


A) Specialized REBT is most like cognitive-behavior therapy.
B) General REBT is most like cognitive-behavior therapy.
C) REBT and CBT both always make use of psychoeducational techniques.
D) CBT promotes a more esoteric change in personal philosophy,while REBT is practically focused on reducing distress and associated symptoms.

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Ellis's notion of unconditional self-acceptance (USA) refers to:


A) an irrational belief since it fails to acknowledge our flawed individuality.
B) an underlying source of neurotic disorders.
C) a precondition for becoming an REBT therapist.
D) a logical and justifiable attitude that frees us to enjoy our lives.

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Of the following therapies,which would be most inclined to say that the ideal person is a scientist?


A) Behavior therapies
B) Cognitive therapies
C) Culture-sensitive therapies
D) Systemic therapies

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Which of the statements below best describes what the B in REBT represents?


A) Behavioral strategies used as a last resort and only when disputing irrational beliefs is ineffective.
B) Using behavioral interventions to help clients relax.
C) Behavioral strategies are utilized but downplayed in REBT because they lead to clients focusing too much on the consequences of their behavior.
D) Behavioral interventions,particularly counterconditioning,are openly and actively integrated in REBT.

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Regarding meaning in life,which of the following therapies would most likely say that the only absolutes are those we create?


A) Behavior therapies
B) Cognitive therapies
C) Culture-sensitive therapies
D) Systemic therapies

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According to REBT,psychological problems are ________ in their origin


A) interpersonal
B) intrapersonal
C) individuo-social
D) societal

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The technique in which patients disabuse themselves of the belief that they are entirely responsible for their plights is called:


A) dichotomous thinking.
B) cognitive restructuring.
C) disattribution technique.
D) distancing.

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The most actively researched system of psychotherapy over the past decade has been:


A) interpersonal psychotherapies.
B) Beck's cognitive and other cognitive-behavioral therapies.
C) acceptance and commitment therapy.
D) multicultural therapies.

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One adaptation of cognitive therapy for people with personality disorders is:


A) limited reparenting therapy.
B) cognitive-analytic therapy.
C) schema focused therapy.
D) cognitive processing therapy.

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In a meta-analysis comparing the efficacy of CBT and medication for bulimia,it was found that:


A) CBT produced smaller effect sizes compared to medication for all types of outcomes.
B) CBT produced larger effect sizes compared to medication for all types of outcomes.
C) CBT produced comparable effect sizes to medication for most outcomes.
D) CBT produced larger effect sizes for reductions in binge eating and purging only,but is comparable to medications for other outcomes.

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In treating a client for depression,a cognitive therapist is most likely to:


A) help her develop a daily program of positive reinforcements.
B) ask her to keep a diary of all her pleasant and unpleasant experiences over a two week period.
C) ask her to monitor her thoughts,particularly those that are self-negating.
D) interpret her depressive symptoms in light of faulty defense mechanisms.

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What percentage of individuals with anxiety disorders seeks any mental health treatment at all?


A) 4-11%
B) 17-24%
C) 33-37%
D) 44-51%

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Meta-analysis of effectiveness studies of CBT for adult anxiety disorders has documented generally:


A) smaller effect sizes than that obtained in efficacy studies.
B) comparable effect sizes to that obtained in efficacy studies.
C) larger effect sizes than that obtained in efficacy studies.
D) very large effect sizes than that obtained in efficacy studies.

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That REBT replaces the irrational demands of a primitive and parental superego with demands from an authoritative therapist is a criticism most likely to be leveled by:


A) behavioral therapies.
B) contextual therapies.
C) integrative therapies.
D) psychoanalysis.

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