Question 1

As a microbiologist you have been asked to investigate the regulation of a novel gene in a bacterial species.Given what is known about bacteria, the logical place to begin your investigation is

Accepted Answer

A)  transcriptional regulation.
B)  translational regulation.
C)  alternative splicing regulation.
D)  regulation by enhancer elements.

Question 2

If you were given a bacterial strain with a mutation in the promoter region of the trp operon the most likely effect would be

Accepted Answer

A)  interference with RNA polymerase binding.
B)  to block the repressor from binding.
C)  derepression of the trp operon.
D)  enabling the trp operon to be expressed in the absence of tryptophan.

Question 3

Within its core a nucleosome contains ____ histones.

Accepted Answer

A)  2
B)  4
C)  6
D)  8

Question 4

You have been asked to design a synthetic DNA motif, able to bind transcriptional regulatory proteins.The location on this motif that you will design for protein binding is the

Accepted Answer

A)  minor groove of the DNA double helix.
B)  major groove of the DNA double helix.
C)  phosphate backbone of the DNA double helix.
D)  sugar backbone of the DNA double helix.

Question 5

In some organisms, the primary function of a gene in a cell is to participate in regulating the body as a whole rather than responding to the cell's immediate environment.These organisms would be

Accepted Answer

A)  multicellular.
B)  diploid.
C)  bacterial.
D)  prokaryotic.

Question 6

You work for a pharmaceutical company that designs small RNAs, used to control expression of disease genes .The primary focus area of your research should be

Accepted Answer

A)  transcriptional repression.
B)  transcriptional activation.
C)  translational repression.
D)  translational activation. C

Question 7

The primary transcripts in eukaryotes are most accurately described as

Accepted Answer

A)  composed of RNA polymerase and associated histones.
B)  having the exons removed and the introns retained for translation.
C)  a faithful copy of the entire gene including exons and introns.
D)  an exact copy of the gene, but the introns have been removed.

Question 8

DNA methylation is the only known natural modification of DNA.It affects

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine bases.
B)  guanine bases.
C)  cytosine bases.
D)  thymine bases.

Question 9

Elucidation of the histone code might

Accepted Answer

A)  allow us to turn specific genes on or off.
B)  allow the determination of nucleosome composition.
C)  lead to chromatin remodeling.
D)  allow us to control translation.

Question 10

A defining characteristic of eukaryotic organisms is that they

Accepted Answer

A)  have their transcription occurring in the cytoplasm and translation in the nucleus.
B)  have their transcription occurring in the nucleus and translation in the cytoplasm.
C)  have only operons to assist in gene expression.
D)  carry out protein synthesis only in the presence of the cAMP molecule.

Question 11

If you were able to look very closely at a portion of DNA and find methylated histones, you would

Accepted Answer

A)  be mistaken since only DNA can be methylated, not histones.
B)  be looking at a region of active chromatin.
C)  be looking at a region of inactive chromatin.
D)  be looking at a chromatin remodeling complex.

Question 12

The lactose analog isopropyl-beta-D-thio-galactoside (IPTG)  is often used to regulate gene expression systems in bacteria.IPTG does not act as a substrate for beta-galactosidase, but can bind to, and inactivate, the repressor.In this case, IPTG serves as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  inducer.
B)  repressor.
C)  DNA-binding protein.
D)  operon.

Question 13

The hallmark of multicellular organisms is their ability to

Accepted Answer

A)  grow and divide rapidly.
B)  adjust quickly to outside environment.
C)  maintain homeostasis.
D)  quickly synthesize amount and type of enzymes according to available nutrients.

Question 14

Although the specific mechanism of RNA interference has not been fully defined, it involves

Accepted Answer

A)  double stranded RNA interference with mRNA.
B)  double stranded RNA interference with DNA.
C)  double stranded DNA interference with mRNA.
D)  double stranded mRNA interference with DNA. A

Question 15

The DNA-binding proteins of almost all regulatory proteins use one of a small set of shapes that enable them to fit into the DNA major groove.These shapes are called

Accepted Answer

A)  structural motifs.
B)  DNA prints.
C)  fingerprints.
D)  repressors.

Question 16

The main form of glucose repression in the lac operon is

Accepted Answer

A)  induction.
B)  repression.
C)  inducer exclusion.
D)  the CAP/cAMP system. C

Question 17

In order for transcription to be initiated

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA polymerase must have access to the DNA double helix and must also be capable of binding to the gene's promoter.
B)  RNA polymerase must have access to the DNA double helix and must also be capable of binding to the gene's promoter.
C)  DNA polymerase must have access to the RNA and must also be capable of binding to the gene's promoter.
D)  RNA ligase must have access to the DNA double helix and must also be capable of binding to the gene's promoter.

Question 18

Small RNAs can regulate gene expression.One type, called micro RNA (miRNA) , acts by binding directly to

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA to prevent translation.
B)  tRNA to prevent transcription.
C)  mRNA to prevent transcription.
D)  tRNA to prevent translation.

Question 19

The basic tool of genetic regulation is the ability of certain proteins to bind to specific

Accepted Answer

A)  regulatory RNA sequences.
B)  regulatory DNA sequences.
C)  repressor parts of the gene.
D)  promoter parts of the gene.

Question 20

Production of the iron-storing protein ferritin is regulated by aconitase, which binds to a 30-nucleotide sequence at the beginning of the ferritin mRNA and interferes with ribosome binding.Aconitase must be a

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription repressor protein.
B)  translation repressor protein.
C)  RNA interference protein.
D)  translation initiation protein.

Exam 16: Control of Gene Expression

As a microbiologist you have been asked to investigate the regulation of a novel gene in a bacterial species.Given what is known about bacteria, the logical place to begin your investigation is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were given a bacterial strain with a mutation in the promoter region of the trp operon the most likely effect would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Within its core a nucleosome contains ____ histones.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You have been asked to design a synthetic DNA motif, able to bind transcriptional regulatory proteins.The location on this motif that you will design for protein binding is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In some organisms, the primary function of a gene in a cell is to participate in regulating the body as a whole rather than responding to the cell's immediate environment.These organisms would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You work for a pharmaceutical company that designs small RNAs, used to control expression of disease genes .The primary focus area of your research should be

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The primary transcripts in eukaryotes are most accurately described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA methylation is the only known natural modification of DNA.It affects

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Elucidation of the histone code might

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A defining characteristic of eukaryotic organisms is that they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were able to look very closely at a portion of DNA and find methylated histones, you would

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The lactose analog isopropyl-beta-D-thio-galactoside (IPTG) is often used to regulate gene expression systems in bacteria.IPTG does not act as a substrate for beta-galactosidase, but can bind to, and inactivate, the repressor.In this case, IPTG serves as a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hallmark of multicellular organisms is their ability to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although the specific mechanism of RNA interference has not been fully defined, it involves

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The DNA-binding proteins of almost all regulatory proteins use one of a small set of shapes that enable them to fit into the DNA major groove.These shapes are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main form of glucose repression in the lac operon is

Correct AnswerverifiedC

In order for transcription to be initiated

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Small RNAs can regulate gene expression.One type, called micro RNA (miRNA) , acts by binding directly to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The basic tool of genetic regulation is the ability of certain proteins to bind to specific

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Production of the iron-storing protein ferritin is regulated by aconitase, which binds to a 30-nucleotide sequence at the beginning of the ferritin mRNA and interferes with ribosome binding.Aconitase must be a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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A

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C

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