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Exam 11: Using Energy

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Question 51

Multiple Choice

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An ideal Carnot engine operates between a high temperature reservoir at $492 \mathrm {~K}$ and a river with water at $290 \mathrm {~K} .$ If it absorbs $4000 \mathrm {~J}$ of heat each cycle, how much work per cycle does it perform?

A) 1642 J
B) 2358 J
C) 1483 J
D) 2517 J

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Question 52

Multiple Choice

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A gas follows the pV trajectory shown in Figure 16.2. How much work is done per cycle by the gas if The gas in a heat engine follows the cycle shown in the pV diagram. How much work does this engine do each cycle if p₀ = $5.4 \mathrm {~atm} ?$

A) 220 J
B) 440 J
C) 870 J
D) 1100 J

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Question 53

Multiple Choice

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An athlete doing push-ups performs 650 kJ of work and loses 425 kJ of heat. What is the change in the internal (thermal) energy of the athlete?

A refrigerator has a coefficient of performance equal to 4.2. How much work must be done on the operating gas in the refrigerator in order to remove 250 J of heat from the interior compartment?

An important feature of the Carnot cycle is that

An expandable container holds 2.30 mole of helium, He, gas with an initial pressure of 770 kPa and an initial volume of 2.10 L. The gas expands isothermally to a final pressure of 350 kPa. How much heat is gained by the gas during this process? (R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K)

A temperature change of 20 C° corresponds to a Fahrenheit temperature change of

A heat pump with a performance coefficient (COP) of 4.9 absorbs heat from the atmosphere at a rate of $29 \mathrm {~kW} .$ At what rate is work being done to run this heat pump?

Express -40°C in °F.

During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done by the gas in the process?

A nuclear power plant has an actual efficiency of 33%. If $0.19 \mathrm { MW }$ of energy are released from fission, how much electric power does the power plant produce?

An ideal Carnot engine is operated between a hot and a cold reservoir. The temperature difference between the two reservoirs is 284°C. If the efficiency of this ideal engine is 24.0%, find the temperature of the cold reservoir in degrees Celsius.

A cyclic process is carried out on an ideal gas such that it returns to its initial state at the end of a cycle, as shown in the pV diagram in the figure. If the process is carried out in a clockwise sense around the enclosed area, as shown on the figure, then the magnitude of the enclosed area represents

An ideal gas undergoes the process a→b→c→a shown in the pV diagram. In the figure, P_a = P_c = 240 kPa, V_b = V_c = 40 L, V_a = 15 L, and P_b = 400 kPa. How much heat is gained by the gas in this a→b→c→a process?

During each cycle, the compressor in a certain ideal Carnot refrigerator performs 480 J of work to remove 150 J of heat from the interior of the refrigerator. How much heat do the coils behind the refrigerator discharge into the kitchen each cycle?

What is the efficiency of an ideal Carnot engine operating between a reservoir in which ice and water coexist, and a reservoir in which water and steam coexist? The pressure is constant at 1.0 atm for both reservoirs.

A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the efficiency of this engine?

A sealed rigid tank contains 29 moles of an ideal gas, at an initial temperature of $270 \mathrm {~K}$ The pressure of the gas is increased until the final pressure equals 1.90 times the initial pressure. The heat capacity at constant pressure of the gas is $24.0 \mathrm {~J} / \mathrm { mol } \cdot \mathrm { K }$ How much heat is absorbed by the gas during this process? (R = 8.31 J/mol ? K)

An ideal Carnot engine operates between a warm reservoir at 233 K and a colder reservoir. During each cycle, this engine extracts $15.0 \mathrm {~J}$ of heat from the warm reservoir and does $4.0 \mathrm {~J}$ of work. What is the temperature of the colder reservoir?

If the efficiency of a Carnot engine were to be 100%, the heat sink would have to be