Question 1

The word science derives from a Latin word meaning ____________________.
knowledge

Accepted Answer

The answer of The word science derives from a Latin...

Question 2

A researcher announces that according to a recent survey,78% of all American workers say they have cheated their employer in the past year.Before we can interpret these results,which of the following questions would be most important to ask?

Accepted Answer

A)  How heavily were the results influenced by illusory correlations?
B)  What were the independent variables in this study?
C)  What were the participants told to count as examples of cheating?
D)  Were the participants randomly assigned to groups?

Question 3

Any scientific study goes through four steps.Which of the following is NOT one of those steps?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothesis
B)  interpretation
C)  method
D)  proof

Question 4

Which of the following do researchers generally regard as desirable?

Accepted Answer

A)  illusory correlations
B)  selective attrition
C)  demand characteristics
D)  falsifiable theories

Question 5

A researcher hypnotizes twenty volunteers an suggests to them that they will become more creative.Later the researcher compares stories these people write to stories written by 20 other people,and reports a difference.The main problem with this study is that it LACKS:

Accepted Answer

A)  independent variables and demand characteristics.
B)  dependent variables and informed consent.
C)  random samples and blind observations.
D)  hypothesis and correlation.

Question 6

Which of the following would (as a rule) indicate that a result is statistically significant?

Accepted Answer

A)  p 
B)  mean=standard deviation
C)  correlation=.1
D)  mean>median

Question 7

The advantage of a double-blind study is that it minimizes the effect of

Accepted Answer

A)  the expectations by the experimenter and participants.
B)  the dependent variable.
C)  the independent variable.
D)  distracting stimuli.

Question 8

A dependent variable is a variable that

Accepted Answer

A)  the participants themselves measure.
B)  the item that an experimenter measures to determine how it was affected.
C)  the experimenter manipulates.
D)  is irrelevant to what happens in the experiment.

Question 9

Clever Hans could answer a question correctly only if he

Accepted Answer

A)  heard the questioner during the answer.
B)  gave his trainer flashing signals.
C)  saw the questioner during the answer.
D)  had practiced that particular question previously.

Question 10

After defining the variables involved in a study,scientists have to identify individuals to study.The population is the group of individuals to whom we hope our conclusions will apply.Researchers generally hope that their conclusions will apply to a large population,such as all 5-year-olds or all people with schizophrenia.Because it is not practical to examine everyone in the population,researchers study a sample of people and assume that the results for the sample apply to the whole population.Briefly define the following types of samples and give one example for each;convenience sample,representative sample,random sample,and cross cultural sample.

Accepted Answer

Convenience Sample: a group chosen becau...

Question 11

What does it mean to say that "p < .05"?

Accepted Answer

A)  The correlation between two variables is very low,almost random.
B)  The probability that the experiment was done correctly is less than 5%.
C)  Fewer than 5% of all scientists agree with the theory.
D)  The probability of getting such a pattern of results by accident is less than 5%.

Question 12

The goal of scientific research is to establish comprehensive explanations of observable events.These explanations are called ____________________.
theories

Accepted Answer

The answer of The goal of scientific research is to...

Question 13

In one word,why did most scientists resist the belief that Clever Hans could do complex mathematics,even before they had a good explanation of what he was actually doing?

Accepted Answer

A)  parsimony
B)  randomness
C)  statistics
D)  correlation

Question 14

The statement "p < .05" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of change in some behavior over time.
B)  the amount of agreement among psychologists.
C)  how accurately we can predict one variable from measurements of another one.
D)  the probability of getting a result by chance.

Question 15

In both the U.S.legal system and in scientific disputes,the "burden of proof" falls on

Accepted Answer

A)  someone who has been accused of doing something wrong.
B)  someone who is defending traditional beliefs or values.
C)  someone who is politically unpopular.
D)  someone who should be in the better position to provide convincing evidence.

Question 16

The control group in an experiment is a group that

Accepted Answer

A)  is given an opportunity to decide which experimental group to join.
B)  has some control over the independent variable.
C)  is controlled by the dependent variable.
D)  is treated the same as the experimental group except for the treatment the experiment is designed to test.

Question 17

The Greenville College soccer team scored 1,1,2,3,and 8 goals (a total of 15 goals) in their first five games.What was their mean number of goals?

Accepted Answer

A)  1
B)  2
C)  3
D)  8

Question 18

Suppose we find that how many hours various people have studied their textbook correlates -.60 with their knowledge about current television programs.We could conclude that,in general,

Accepted Answer

A)  people who study more tend also to know more about television.
B)  people who study more tend to know less about television.
C)  study habits have nothing to do with knowledge of television.
D)  we calculated the correlation coefficient incorrectly.

Question 19

Which cause-and-effect conclusion,if any,can we draw from the correlational studies of watching violent television?

Accepted Answer

A)  Watching violence on television causes aggressive behavior.
B)  Watching violence on television reduces aggressive behavior.
C)  Watching violence on television has no effect on aggressive behaviors.
D)  We can draw none of these conclusions.

Question 20

"The Amazing Kreskin" is a professional psychic who demonstrates his powers by finding his paycheck hidden somewhere in the audience.If he doesn't find it,he doesn't get paid,but he is almost always successful.The most parsimonious explanation for this trick is that

Accepted Answer

A)  he genuinely possesses psychic abilities.
B)  he reads subtle cues,much like Clever Hans.
C)  it is a coincidence that he keeps finding his check.
D)  audience members send delta waves that lead him to his check.

Exam 2: Scientific Methods in Psychology

The word science derives from a Latin word meaning ____________________. knowledge

Correct Answer
verified

The statement "p < .05" refers to

Correct Answer
verified

Which cause-and-effect conclusion,if any,can we draw from the correlational studies of watching violent television?

Correct Answer
verified

The goal of scientific research is to establish comprehensive explanations of observable events.These explanations are called ____________________. theories

Correct Answer
verified

Clever Hans could answer a question correctly only if he

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher announces that according to a recent survey,78% of all American workers say they have cheated their employer in the past year.Before we can interpret these results,which of the following questions would be most important to ask?

Correct Answer
verified

In one word,why did most scientists resist the belief that Clever Hans could do complex mathematics,even before they had a good explanation of what he was actually doing?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following would (as a rule) indicate that a result is statistically significant?

Correct Answer
verified

A dependent variable is a variable that

Correct Answer
verified

What does it mean to say that "p < .05"?

Correct Answer
verified

The advantage of a double-blind study is that it minimizes the effect of

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher hypnotizes twenty volunteers an suggests to them that they will become more creative.Later the researcher compares stories these people write to stories written by 20 other people,and reports a difference.The main problem with this study is that it LACKS:

Correct Answer
verified

"The Amazing Kreskin" is a professional psychic who demonstrates his powers by finding his paycheck hidden somewhere in the audience.If he doesn't find it,he doesn't get paid,but he is almost always successful.The most parsimonious explanation for this trick is that

Correct Answer
verified

Suppose we find that how many hours various people have studied their textbook correlates -.60 with their knowledge about current television programs.We could conclude that,in general,

Correct Answer
verified

The Greenville College soccer team scored 1,1,2,3,and 8 goals (a total of 15 goals) in their first five games.What was their mean number of goals?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Convenience Sample: a group chosen becau...
View Answer

In both the U.S.legal system and in scientific disputes,the "burden of proof" falls on

Correct Answer
verified

The control group in an experiment is a group that

Correct Answer
verified

Any scientific study goes through four steps.Which of the following is NOT one of those steps?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following do researchers generally regard as desirable?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 2: Scientific Methods in Psychology

The word science derives from a Latin word meaning ____________________. knowledge

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The statement "p < .05" refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which cause-and-effect conclusion,if any,can we draw from the correlational studies of watching violent television?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The goal of scientific research is to establish comprehensive explanations of observable events.These explanations are called ____________________. theories

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Clever Hans could answer a question correctly only if he

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher announces that according to a recent survey,78% of all American workers say they have cheated their employer in the past year.Before we can interpret these results,which of the following questions would be most important to ask?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In one word,why did most scientists resist the belief that Clever Hans could do complex mathematics,even before they had a good explanation of what he was actually doing?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would (as a rule) indicate that a result is statistically significant?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A dependent variable is a variable that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What does it mean to say that "p < .05"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The advantage of a double-blind study is that it minimizes the effect of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher hypnotizes twenty volunteers an suggests to them that they will become more creative.Later the researcher compares stories these people write to stories written by 20 other people,and reports a difference.The main problem with this study is that it LACKS:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"The Amazing Kreskin" is a professional psychic who demonstrates his powers by finding his paycheck hidden somewhere in the audience.If he doesn't find it,he doesn't get paid,but he is almost always successful.The most parsimonious explanation for this trick is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose we find that how many hours various people have studied their textbook correlates -.60 with their knowledge about current television programs.We could conclude that,in general,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Greenville College soccer team scored 1,1,2,3,and 8 goals (a total of 15 goals) in their first five games.What was their mean number of goals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedConvenience Sample: a group chosen becau...View AnswerShow Answer

In both the U.S.legal system and in scientific disputes,the "burden of proof" falls on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The control group in an experiment is a group that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Any scientific study goes through four steps.Which of the following is NOT one of those steps?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following do researchers generally regard as desirable?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Convenience Sample: a group chosen becau...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified