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Exam 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

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Question 1

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Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that

A) sister chromatids separate during anaphase.
B) DNA replicates before the division.
C) the daughter cells are diploid.
D) homologous chromosomes synapse.

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Question 2

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Which of the following statements describes an example of alternation of generations?

A) A grandparent and grandchild each have dark hair, but the parent has blond hair.
B) A diploid plant (sporophyte) produces a spore by meiosis that gives rise to a multicellular, haploid pollen grain (gametophyte) .
C) A diploid animal produces gametes by meiosis, and the gametes undergo fertilization to produce a diploid zygote.
D) A haploid mushroom produces gametes by mitosis, and the gametes undergo fertilization, which is immediately followed by meiosis.

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Question 3

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DNA was isolated from three different cell types of the same organism, the relative DNA content for each type was determined, and the results were plotted on the graph shown in the figure below. Refer to the graph to answer the following questions. -Which sample of DNA might be from a cell that stopped the process of cell division in G₀ phase of the cell cycle prior to meiosis?

Which of the following statements describes a major difference between meiosis II and mitosis in a diploid animal?

Quaking aspen trees can send out underground stems for asexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction is not as common, but when it does happen, the haploid gametes have 19 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in the cells of the underground stems?

Somatic cells of roundworms have four individual chromosomes per cell. How many chromosomes would you expect to find in an ovum from a roundworm?

If a horticulturist breeding gardenias succeeds in having a single plant with a particularly desirable set of traits, which of the following would be her most probable and efficient route to establishing a line of such plants?

At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes usually photographed in the preparation of a karyotype?

How do cells at the completion of meiosis compare with cells that are in prophase of meiosis I?

For a species with a haploid number of 23 chromosomes, how many different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes are possible for the gametes based on the independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis?

Asexual reproduction occurs during which of the following processes?

Which of the following statements defines a genome?

Which of the following processes occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis?

When chiasmata can first be seen in cells using a microscope, which of the following processes has most likely occurred?

Imagine that there are 25 different species of protists living in a tide pool. Some of these species reproduce both sexually and asexually, and some of them can reproduce only asexually. The pool gradually becomes infested with disease-causing viruses and bacteria. Which species are more likely to thrive in the changing environment?

Which of the following statements describes one characteristic of each chromosome in a cell during the entire process of meiosis I?

Which of the following processes might produce a human zygote with 45 chromosomes?

If a cell has completed meiosis I and the first cytokinesis, and is just beginning meiosis II, which of the following is an appropriate description of its genetic contents?

Refer to the information and figure below to answer the following questions. A certain (hypothetical) organism is diploid, has either blue or orange wings as the consequence of one of its genes on chromosome 12, and has either long or short antennae as the result of a second gene on chromosome 19, as shown in the figure. -A female with a paternal set of one orange and one long gene chromosome and a maternal set comprised of one blue and one short gene chromosome would be expected to produce which of the following types of eggs after meiosis?

Which of the following statements is correct in comparing sexual and asexual reproduction?