Question 1

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects Researchers use statistical procedures for all of these reasons except

Accepted Answer

A)  to determine whether group differences are statistically significant.
B)  to determine the minimum number of subjects needed for each treatment group.
C)  to estimate effect size.
D)  to select an appropriate experimental design.

Question 2

Multiple Groups A principal advantage of using more than two treatment conditions in an experiment is that this

Accepted Answer

A)  better controls subject variables.
B)  increases statistical power.
C)  provides a more complete picture of how the independent variable affects behavior.
D)  reduces variability in experimental data.

Question 3

People who have known each other for a long time may communicate better than people who have known each other for a short time.Imagine you are carrying out the study suggested in question 6.All your subjects know each other, but for varying lengths of time.How can you make sure that the length of time that subjects have known each other will not be a confounding variable in your study?
You can use the control technique of elimination and only use strangers.However, if you intend to generalize the experimental findings to people who know each other, you need to distribute this subject variable across the treatment conditions instead.You can accomplish this with either a two independent groups design or two matched groups design.

Accepted Answer

A two independent groups design randomly...

Question 4

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects Researchers obtain large samples to

Accepted Answer

A)  allow them to use parametric statistics.
B)  increase internal validity.
C)  increase the effect size of the independent variable.
D)  observe the full range of behaviors on the dependent variable.

Question 5

Two Matched Groups If the matching variable is not highly correlated with the dependent variable,

Accepted Answer

A)  less powerful statistical tests must be used to analyze the data.
B)  the effect size will be inflated.
C)  the chances of detecting the effect of the experimental manipulation may be reduced.
D)  this will result in statistical regression threat.

Question 6

Two Matched Groups Will created matched pairs of subjects with identical weights in a study comparing the effectiveness of low-carbohydrate and Mediterranean diets in reducing triglycerides.He used ____ matching.

Accepted Answer

A)  interval
B)  precision
C)  range
D)  rank-ordered

Question 7

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects You should use ____ subjects per condition to detect a strong treatment effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  5-10
B)  10-20
C)  20-30
D)  30-40

Question 8

Two Independent Groups Jason wanted to see if the dogs in his tracking class would complete a tracking course more rapidly if their owners administered larger rewards when they finished.He randomly assigned dogs to groups that received one, two, or three cubes of cheddar cheese as reward and measured the time it took each group to complete the course over five trials.This experiment did not have

Accepted Answer

A)  a control condition.
B)  a dependent variable.
C)  an experimental manipulation.
D)  an independent variable.

Question 9

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects Significant differences between treatment groups are more difficult to detect when

Accepted Answer

A)  members of the population resemble one another on the dependent variable.
B)  researchers select subjects using nonprobability sampling.
C)  researchers assign a small number of subjects to each treatment condition.
D)  the effect size of the independent variable is large.

Question 10

Introduction An experimental design is analogous to a building's

Accepted Answer

A)  floor plan.
B)  function.
C)  materials.
D)  address.

Question 11

Multiple Groups The main advantage of using block randomization instead of random assignment to place subjects in treatment groups is that

Accepted Answer

A)  block randomization ensures an equal number of subjects in each condition.
B)  block randomization does not use a random number table.
C)  block randomization is simpler to perform than random assignment.
D)  block randomization provides superior control of subject variables.

Question 12

Two Matched Groups Matching procedures are especially useful when we have small numbers of subjects because

Accepted Answer

A)  matching increases the external validity of our experiment.
B)  matching produces a normal distribution of scores.
C)  random assignment can only be used when there are 20 subjects per group.
D)  random assignment may not produce similar groups.

Question 13

Multiple Groups A researcher's decision to use more than two levels of the independent variable in an experiment mainly depends on

Accepted Answer

A)  the dependent variable.
B)  the estimated effect size.
C)  the research hypothesis.
D)  whether subjects will be run in more than one treatment condition.

Question 14

Two Matched Groups Critics have challenged the internal validity of Brady's (1958)  study of ulcers in monkeys.Select the design that allows us to compare "executive" and "nonexecutive" monkeys and prevents selection threat.

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental group-control group design
B)  multiple groups design
C)  two experimental groups design
D)  two matched groups design

Question 15

Two Independent Groups In psychotherapy research, ____ are often used as control groups.

Accepted Answer

A)  conventional therapy conditions
B)  no-treatment conditions
C)  placebo conditions
D)  waiting-list conditions

Question 16

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects When you want to increase your chance of detecting an effect, you should

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease the number of levels of the independent variable.
B)  increase the number of subjects in each condition.
C)  use a two independent groups design.
D)  use an experimental group-control group design.

Question 17

Multiple Groups Which of the following is a good "rule of thumb" for selecting an experimental design?

Accepted Answer

A)  select a design based on the number of available subjects
B)  add one more treatment condition than the last study used
C)  select the simplest design that will adequately test your hypothesis
D)  use a multiple independent groups design whenever possible

Question 18

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects As the number of subjects assigned to treatment conditions increases,

Accepted Answer

A)  the ability to detect small effects increases.
B)  the need for a control group decreases.
C)  the need to match subjects increases.
D)  the risk of confounding increases.

Question 19

Two Matched Groups Which matching procedure consistently creates groups that are most alike on the matching variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  interval matching
B)  precision matching
C)  range matching
D)  rank-ordered matching

Question 20

Introduction All of these help determine the design of an experiment except

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of independent variables.
B)  the number of levels for each independent variable.
C)  the scale of measurement used to measure the dependent variable.
D)  whether the same or different subjects are run in each treatment condition.

Exam 9: Basic Between-Subjects Designs

Two Matched Groups Critics have challenged the internal validity of Brady's (1958) study of ulcers in monkeys.Select the design that allows us to compare "executive" and "nonexecutive" monkeys and prevents selection threat.

Correct Answer
verified

Multiple Groups A researcher's decision to use more than two levels of the independent variable in an experiment mainly depends on

Correct Answer
verified

Two Independent Groups In psychotherapy research, ____ are often used as control groups.

Correct Answer
verified

Multiple Groups Which of the following is a good "rule of thumb" for selecting an experimental design?

Correct Answer
verified

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects Researchers use statistical procedures for all of these reasons except

Correct Answer
verified

Two Matched Groups Which matching procedure consistently creates groups that are most alike on the matching variable?

Correct Answer
verified

Two Matched Groups If the matching variable is not highly correlated with the dependent variable,

Correct Answer
verified

Introduction All of these help determine the design of an experiment except

Correct Answer
verified

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects Significant differences between treatment groups are more difficult to detect when

Correct Answer
verified

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects As the number of subjects assigned to treatment conditions increases,

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A two independent groups design randomly...
View Answer

Introduction An experimental design is analogous to a building's

Correct Answer
verified

Multiple Groups The main advantage of using block randomization instead of random assignment to place subjects in treatment groups is that

Correct Answer
verified

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects When you want to increase your chance of detecting an effect, you should

Correct Answer
verified

Two Matched Groups Will created matched pairs of subjects with identical weights in a study comparing the effectiveness of low-carbohydrate and Mediterranean diets in reducing triglycerides.He used ____ matching.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Two Matched Groups Matching procedures are especially useful when we have small numbers of subjects because

Correct Answer
verified

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects Researchers obtain large samples to

Correct Answer
verified

Multiple Groups A principal advantage of using more than two treatment conditions in an experiment is that this

Correct Answer
verified

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects You should use ____ subjects per condition to detect a strong treatment effect.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 9: Basic Between-Subjects Designs

Two Matched Groups Critics have challenged the internal validity of Brady's (1958) study of ulcers in monkeys.Select the design that allows us to compare "executive" and "nonexecutive" monkeys and prevents selection threat.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Multiple Groups A researcher's decision to use more than two levels of the independent variable in an experiment mainly depends on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two Independent Groups In psychotherapy research, ____ are often used as control groups.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Multiple Groups Which of the following is a good "rule of thumb" for selecting an experimental design?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects Researchers use statistical procedures for all of these reasons except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two Matched Groups Which matching procedure consistently creates groups that are most alike on the matching variable?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two Matched Groups If the matching variable is not highly correlated with the dependent variable,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Introduction All of these help determine the design of an experiment except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects Significant differences between treatment groups are more difficult to detect when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects As the number of subjects assigned to treatment conditions increases,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedA two independent groups design randomly...View AnswerShow Answer

Introduction An experimental design is analogous to a building's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Multiple Groups The main advantage of using block randomization instead of random assignment to place subjects in treatment groups is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects When you want to increase your chance of detecting an effect, you should

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two Matched Groups Will created matched pairs of subjects with identical weights in a study comparing the effectiveness of low-carbohydrate and Mediterranean diets in reducing triglycerides.He used ____ matching.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two Matched Groups Matching procedures are especially useful when we have small numbers of subjects because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects Researchers obtain large samples to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Multiple Groups A principal advantage of using more than two treatment conditions in an experiment is that this

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Selecting and Recruiting Subjects You should use ____ subjects per condition to detect a strong treatment effect.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A two independent groups design randomly...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified