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When a party to a contract intentionally makes the terms of a contract unclear,it is called


A) vagueness.
B) duress.
C) ambiguity.
D) a mistake.

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It is unethical to use your lawyer as an excuse for a provision of a contract,such as,"My lawyer insists that I have a liquidated damages clause..."

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Rich and Archie sign an agreement in which Archie agrees to deliver ten cases of champagne in 5 days.The parties negotiated and meant to say in the written agreement,delivery in 50 days.If the evidence is clear that the two parties intended to agree to 50 days,the courts will probably


A) reform the contract.
B) rescind the contract.
C) issue a warranty.
D) issue a covenant.

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A contract should have a descriptive title,which is generally in all capital letters,underlined and centered at the top of the page.

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Ricardo has agreed to sell his family farm to Walter for a price of $450,000.Even though both sides agree on the terms,it is still worth the money for Ricardo to hire a lawyer to write the contract.

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Which of the following is NOT one of the three ways to amend a written contract?


A) by writing and signing an amendment (or rider)
B) by verbally agreeing to the changes and shaking hands on the deal
C) by crossing out the mistakes and writing in the corrections
D) by writing a totally new contract with the correct provisions

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In the case of a typo,a court will reform a contract if there is clear and convincing evidence that the allegedmistake does not actually reflect the true intent of the parties.

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Bob,a house painter,contracts with Ollie to paint a rental house which Ollie owns.Bob hires Rob to take his place as the painter on this contract.What has Bob done?


A) Made a scrivener's error
B) Severed the contract
C) Delegated his duties
D) Assigned his rights

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Contracts must use formal terminology such as "whereas" and "heretofore" in order to be legal.

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When a provision in a contract is unclear by accident,it is a case of


A) vagueness.
B) mistake.
C) ambiguity.
D) condition.

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"Scrivener's error" is another (fancier)name for a typo.

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Ralph is a professional football player.He signs a valid contract with the Miami Dolphins.Later,he claims that he was also promised free use of the Dolphins' private jet,but this was not in the contract.What type of clause in his contract would prevent him from flying away with this claim?


A) A complete agreement clause
B) A "no additional terms" clause
C) An integration clause
D) A severability clause

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Lawyers prefer to negotiate touchy subjects as they arise rather than address them at the beginning of a relationship.

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Ambiguities in contracts are always interpreted in favor of the side that wrote the contract,since they are the ones who know what the provision is supposed to mean.

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In which of the following situations is it likely that you may NOT need a written contract?


A) You are dealing with a party you do not know well, so you need to remain flexible.
B) You are buying land from a member of your family.
C) The terms of the agreement are simple and the value of the transaction is small.
D) You have negotiated with the other party enough that you both know what the other person intends.

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Standard provisions in a contract that are often listed under the heading "Miscellaneous" are called


A) boilerroom.
B) boilerplate.
C) boilerpot.
D) boilertape.

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Contract provisions that are enforceable independently are referred to as


A) covenantal promises.
B) conditional promises.
C) reciprocal promises.
D) material promises.

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Outline the parts of a typical contract.

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The Structure of a Contract is...

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Which of the following is generally NOT in the introductory paragraph of a contract?


A) The date of the contract
B) The covenants of the contract
C) The parties to the contract
D) The nature of the contract

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If you have an established relationship with a buyer,you can sell small tracts of land without a written contract.

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