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Exam 7: Impulse and Momentum

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Question 21

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A machine gun fires 25-g bullets at the rate of 4 bullets per second.The bullets leave the gun at a speed of 1000 m/s.What is the average recoil force experienced by the machine gun?

A) 10 N
B) 20 N
C) 100 N
D) 200 N
E) 1000 N

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Question 22

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Which one of the following statements concerning momentum is true?

A) Momentum is a force.
B) Momentum is a scalar quantity.
C) The SI unit of momentum is kg . m²/s.
D) The momentum of an object is always positive.
E) Momentum and impulse are measured in the same units.

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Question 23

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A comet fragment of mass 1.96 × 10¹³ kg is moving at 6.50 × 10⁴ m/s when it crashes into Callisto, a moon of Jupiter.The mass of Callisto is 1.08 × 10²³ kg.The collision is completely inelastic. -How much kinetic energy was released in the collision?

A 100-kg fisherman and a 500-kg supply crate are on a frozen pond that is essentially frictionless.The man and the crate are initially separated by a distance of 600 meters.The fisherman uses a very light rope to pull the crate closer to him.How far has the man moved when the crate reaches the fisherman?

A 4.0-kg block slides along a frictionless surface with a constant speed of 5.0 m/s as shown.Two seconds after it begins sliding, a horizontal, time-dependent force is applied to the mass.The force is removed eight seconds later.The graph shows how the force on the block varies with time. -What is the magnitude of the total impulse of the force acting on the block?

While on an interplanetary mission, a 58.5-kg astronaut is floating toward the front of her ship at 0.15 m/s, relative to the ship.She wishes to stop moving, relative to the ship.She decides to throw away the 2.50-kg book she's carrying.What should the approximate speed and direction of the book be to achieve her goal?

While a car is stopped at a traffic light in a storm, raindrops strike the roof of the car.The area of the roof is 5.0 m².Each raindrop has a mass of 3.7 × 10^-4 kg and speed of 2.5 m/s before impact and is at rest after the impact.If, on average at a given time, 150 raindrops strike each square meter, what is the impulse of the rain striking the car?

Which one of the following is characteristic of an inelastic collision?

A 2-kg stone falls 100 meters near the surface of the earth.It strikes the ground without any rebound thereby making a completely inelastic collision with the earth.Approximately how much kinetic energy is transferred to the earth in this process?

A 0.015-kg marble moving to the right at 0.40 m/s has a head-on, elastic collision with a 0.045-kg marble sitting at rest on a smooth, level surface.Which of the following are the correct magnitudes and directions of the velocities of the two marbles after the collision? 0.015 kg marble 0.045 kg marble

A space vehicle of mass m has a speed v.At some instant, it separates into two pieces, each of mass 0.5m.One of the pieces is at rest just after the separation. -How much work was done by the internal forces that caused the separation?

A 0.050-kg lump of clay moving horizontally at 12 m/s strikes and sticks to a stationary 0.15-kg cart that can move on a frictionless air track.Determine the speed of the cart and clay after the collision.

A projectile is launched with a momentum of 200 kg • m/s and 1000 J of kinetic energy.What is the mass of the projectile?

A stationary bomb explodes in space breaking into a number of small fragments.At the location of the explosion, the net force due to gravity is zero newtons.Which one of the following statements concerning this event is true?

A 2.0-kg pistol fires a 1.0-g bullet with a muzzle speed of 1000 m/s.The bullet then strikes a 10-kg wooden block resting on a horizontal frictionless surface.The block and the embedded bullet then slide across the surface. -What is the speed of the "bullet + block" system immediately after the bullet is embedded in the block?

A 160-kg space probe is moving in the positive x direction at 18 km/s when it encounters a time-dependent force directed in the negative x direction.The force is as follows: Determine the final speed of the space probe.

Two asteroids are drifting in space with trajectories shown.Assuming the collision at point O between them is completely inelastic, at what angle from its original direction is the larger asteroid deflected?

Which one of the following statements concerning center of mass is true?

A rock is dropped from a high tower and falls freely under the influence of gravity.Which one of the following statements concerning the rock as it falls is true? Neglect the effects of air resistance.

A 1000-kg car traveling east at 20 m/s collides with a 1500-kg car traveling west at 10 m/s.The cars stick together after the collision.What is the common velocity of the cars after the collision?