Question 1

Which of the following statements about an upright pyramid of energy is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   It represents the energy relationships among trophic levels.
B)   The total energy of producers is represented at the base of the pyramid.
C)   The total energy of consumers is greater than the total energy of producers.
D)   The total energy of primary carnivores is greater than the total energy of secondary carnivores.
E)   The total energy decreases at successively higher trophic levels.

Question 2

In the bull's-horn acacia, Beltian bodies provide food for ants of the genus Pseudomyrmex.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

_______ would be found at the base of a pyramid of energy.

Accepted Answer

A)   Oak trees
B)   Elephants
C)   Mushrooms
D)   Birds
E)   Fish

Question 4

Strains of the Fusarium fungus produce _______ that counter the production of ______ by pea plants.

Accepted Answer

A)   chromenes; helenanin
B)   pisatin; chromenes
C)   tannins; thorns
D)   pyrethrum; waxy leaves
E)   monooxygenases; pisatin

Question 5

The biosphere consists of all the Earth's:

Accepted Answer

A)   populations.
B)   communities.
C)   species.
D)   autotrophs and heterotrophs.
E)   ecosystems.

Question 6

Secondary metabolites are chemicals produced by plants that deter insect herbivores.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

An example of allelopathy is the inability of weeds to grow near sorghum plants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In allelopathy:

Accepted Answer

A)   the alleles of a bacterium or fungus produce pathogenic effects in a plant.
B)   some alleles of a plant are pathogenic to that same plant.
C)   chemicals produced by a bacterium inhibit growth of a plant.
D)   chemicals produced by a fungus inhibit growth of a plant.
E)   chemicals produced by one plant inhibit growth of another plant.

Question 9

A community consists of all the ______ in a particular area.

Accepted Answer

A)   individuals of a single species
B)   plants
C)   plants and animals
D)   organisms
E)   organisms and their environment

Question 10

Energy is recycled in an ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In general, approximately _____ percent of the energy in one trophic level can be assimilated into the next.

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   10
C)   20
D)   50
E)   80

Question 12

All plants are autotrophs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

An example of a parasitoid is a wasp.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

According to the cooperative model for an ecosystem, herbivores do not do irreparable harm to plants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Herbivores usually occupy the base of a pyramid of energy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The transition from sugar pine to white fir forests in California was caused mainly by:

Accepted Answer

A)   volcanic eruptions.
B)   frequent earthquakes.
C)   logging.
D)   reduced numbers of forest fires.
E)   reduced numbers of settlers.

Question 17

Mutualism is an interaction between two species in which:

Accepted Answer

A)   one species benefits and the other is harmed.
B)   both species benefit.
C)   both species are harmed.
D)   one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped.
E)   one species is harmed and the other is neither harmed nor helped.

Question 18

In the northern Rocky Mountains, seedlings of Engelmann spruce outcompete seedlings of subalpine fir in sunny locations because the spruce:

Accepted Answer

A)   has a lower sensitivity to drought.
B)   has a lower growth rate.
C)   has a greater longevity.
D)   grows to a greater size.
E)   has more flexible growth requirements.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the role of growth rate in competition is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Plants with a high growth rate often have an advantage over plants with a low growth rate.
B)   Plants with a low growth rate may survive if they are able to photosynthesize at low light intensities.
C)   Leaf arrangement, crown shape, and patterns of allocation of energy all affect growth rate.
D)   A single combination of traits usually produces a competitor that is best in all environments.
E)   Within a single community, different species may coexist because of adaptations to different microenvironments.

Question 20

______ includes, by definition, all the organisms in a particular place together with their environment.

Accepted Answer

A)   community
B)   ecosystem
C)   population
D)   species
E)   biosphere

Exam 31: The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

In allelopathy:

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The transition from sugar pine to white fir forests in California was caused mainly by:

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Which of the following statements about the role of growth rate in competition is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Secondary metabolites are chemicals produced by plants that deter insect herbivores.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the cooperative model for an ecosystem, herbivores do not do irreparable harm to plants.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An example of a parasitoid is a wasp.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The biosphere consists of all the Earth's:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Energy is recycled in an ecosystem.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the northern Rocky Mountains, seedlings of Engelmann spruce outcompete seedlings of subalpine fir in sunny locations because the spruce:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All plants are autotrophs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mutualism is an interaction between two species in which:

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In general, approximately _____ percent of the energy in one trophic level can be assimilated into the next.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the bull's-horn acacia, Beltian bodies provide food for ants of the genus Pseudomyrmex.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Herbivores usually occupy the base of a pyramid of energy.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

______ includes, by definition, all the organisms in a particular place together with their environment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Strains of the Fusarium fungus produce _______ that counter the production of ______ by pea plants.

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A community consists of all the ______ in a particular area.

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_______ would be found at the base of a pyramid of energy.

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Which of the following statements about an upright pyramid of energy is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An example of allelopathy is the inability of weeds to grow near sorghum plants.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Strains of the Fusarium fungus produce _ that counter the production of by pea plants.

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