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________ is a theory of performance evaluation based on the perception of who is in control of an employee's performance.

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Davon, a college financial aid office manager, is involved in the appraisal process for his 40 student employees.He spends 15 minutes with each student individually.Typical comments in these sessions are "You improved your service rate this semester from 1 student per hour to 4 students per hour.That's good progress toward the standard 7 students per hour." Or, "I have numerous complaints from students that your work is inaccurate." What part of the appraisal process is he performing?


A) These actions are not part of the appraisal process
B) Initiating corrective action
C) Discussing the appraisal with employees
D) Establishing performance standards
E) Measuring actual performance

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Evaluators appraise specific behaviors rather than traits when behaviorally anchored rating scales are used.

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Using specific performance behaviors that help clarify the issued raised during the performance evaluation is an example of:


A) Providing both positive and negative feedback.
B) Supporting the evaluation with examples.
C) Ensuring the employee understands what was discussed.
D) Developing an improvement plan.
E) Involving the employee in the appraisal discussion.

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MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS -Employees are evaluated on how well they accomplish a specific set of objectives determined as critical in the successful completion of their job.


A) Absolute standards
B) Relative standards
C) Individual ranking
D) 360-degree appraisals
E) Peer evaluation
F) Performance measurement
G) Halo error
H) Graphic rating scale
I) Leniency error
J) Documentation
K) Paired comparison
L) Similarity error
M) Attribution theory
N) Management by objectives (MBO)
O) Forced-choice appraisal

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A major advantage to absolute standards is that they tend to be biased by positive leniency; that is, evaluators lean toward packing their subjects into the high part of the rankings.

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Performance appraisals may be important documentation for EEO discrimination claims.

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A _______ is a performance evaluation technique in which a rater checks off applicable employee attributes.

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Which of the following is NOT a factor that can distort performance appraisals?


A) Leniency error
B) Central tendency
C) Efficiency bias
D) Similarity error
E) Halo error

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Performance appraisals focus on how effectively an employee's effort helps accomplish the organizational objectives.

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True

The practice of "reverse wording" can help to minimize the effects of which rating error?


A) Central tendency
B) Inflationary pressure
C) Similarity
D) Halo
E) Leniency

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Isabella is working with her boss on how to achieve the goals that have been set for the next year.So far they have agreed that Donna will start a graduate degree, she will be given 2 trainee assistants, and her budget allocation will be increased by 20%.What is Isabella doing?


A) Critical incident
B) MBO
C) BARS
D) MARS
E) Checklist appraisal

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MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS -Performance appraisal distortion caused by evaluating employees against one's own value system.


A) Absolute standards
B) Relative standards
C) Individual ranking
D) 360-degree appraisals
E) Peer evaluation
F) Performance measurement
G) Halo error
H) Graphic rating scale
I) Leniency error
J) Documentation
K) Paired comparison
L) Similarity error
M) Attribution theory
N) Management by objectives (MBO)
O) Forced-choice appraisal

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Which of the following is NOT an important ingredient to create an effective performance management system?


A) Use trait-based measures
B) Combine absolute and relative standards
C) Provide ongoing feedback
D) Have multiple raters
E) Train appraisers

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MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS -A type of checklist where the rater must choose between two specific statements about an employee's work behavior.


A) Absolute standards
B) Relative standards
C) Individual ranking
D) 360-degree appraisals
E) Peer evaluation
F) Performance measurement
G) Halo error
H) Graphic rating scale
I) Leniency error
J) Documentation
K) Paired comparison
L) Similarity error
M) Attribution theory
N) Management by objectives (MBO)
O) Forced-choice appraisal

Correct Answer

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Bill, an accountant, is amazed at his 2% salary increase.Bill had the lowest error rating and the quickest completion times in the division.When Bill learned that Ed, another accountant who was slow and careless in his work also received 2%, he went to HR.Bill was told that their manager had turned in average ratings for both of them, in fact for the whole department, and that 2% was the average raise that year for all employees.What performance appraisal rating error is evident?


A) Leniency error
B) Inappropriate substitutes for performance
C) Similarity error
D) Central tendency
E) Inflationary pressures

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MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS -Evaluating employees based on the way an evaluator perceives himself or herself.


A) Absolute standards
B) Relative standards
C) Individual ranking
D) 360-degree appraisals
E) Peer evaluation
F) Performance measurement
G) Halo error
H) Graphic rating scale
I) Leniency error
J) Documentation
K) Paired comparison
L) Similarity error
M) Attribution theory
N) Management by objectives (MBO)
O) Forced-choice appraisal

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L

MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS -The third step in the appraisal process.


A) Absolute standards
B) Relative standards
C) Individual ranking
D) 360-degree appraisals
E) Peer evaluation
F) Performance measurement
G) Halo error
H) Graphic rating scale
I) Leniency error
J) Documentation
K) Paired comparison
L) Similarity error
M) Attribution theory
N) Management by objectives (MBO)
O) Forced-choice appraisal

Correct Answer

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MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS -Ranking employees' performance from highest to lowest.


A) Absolute standards
B) Relative standards
C) Individual ranking
D) 360-degree appraisals
E) Peer evaluation
F) Performance measurement
G) Halo error
H) Graphic rating scale
I) Leniency error
J) Documentation
K) Paired comparison
L) Similarity error
M) Attribution theory
N) Management by objectives (MBO)
O) Forced-choice appraisal

Correct Answer

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Don, a team leader in a college business course, wanted to fail Diane, a team member that he said did "nothing." Dr.Smartee, the professor, refused to fail her, stating that the other team members had all given her satisfactory evaluations on their project review form.Why didn't the professor back Don's decision?


A) Selective rating is inappropriate.
B) Relative standards are better than absolute standards.
C) Multiple raters give a more reliable assessment than a single rater.
D) Trait measures are preferable to behaviorally-based measures.
E) Ongoing feedback prevents surprises.

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C

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