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Exam 17: Hypothesis Testing: Basic Concepts and Tests of Association

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Question 1

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A p-value of .005 proves that the null hypothesis is false.

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Question 2

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Use the following information for questions Observation The numbers in each cell represent the sales level in thousands of dollars. -Which of the following statements is/are true? 1-MSS within rows) = MSS μ = 500 MSS between rows) = MSS_r = 12.67 Total sum of squares = 1,152 2-MSS_r = 500, MSS _$\mu$ = 12.67, F = 37.5 3-The appropriate test statistic is F with 2 and 8 degrees of freedom 4-The appropriate test statistic is F with 2 and 12 degrees of freedom

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 2 and 4

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Question 3

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Use the following information for questions Observation The numbers in each cell represent the sales level in thousands of dollars. -Which of the following is/are true? 1-The appropriate null hypothesis would state, "Advertising levels have no effect on sales." 2-The appropriate null hypothesis would state, "There is an increase in the sales level due to an increase in the intensity of the advertising effort." 3-The appropriate statistic to test the null hypothesis would be $\chi$ ² with 8 degrees of freedom.

Type II error occurs when the null hypothesis is not rejected when it is false.

If the p-value is less than or equal to 0.05, then it is valid to say that the sample evidence is significant at .05 level.

Given the following 2 X 2 contingency table Q1 yes no yes 23 36 59 Q2 no 46 15 61 69 51 What would be the expected number of people that said yes to both the questions if your null hypothesis stated that you expected an equal number in all cells ?

Use the following information for questions A subscription service stated that preferences for different national magazines were independent of geographical location.A survey was taken in which 300 respondents randomly chosen from three areas were given a choice among three different magazines.Each person expressed his or her favorite.The following results were obtained: -The number of degrees of freedom is

If the researcher, in making a statistical test, rejects a true hypothesis, the error is called

The Berkeley Supermarket buys its supplies of potatoes from two different farms, A and B.In a recent sampling test, it was found that the sample taken from Farm A had a mean weight of 10 ounces per potato, whereas the sample from Farm B had a mean weight of 10.3 ounces.In view of this test, is there a statistically discernible difference at the 95 percent confidence level) between the mean weights of the potatoes of the two farms?

A major advantage of the Chi square statistic as a measurement of association between two questions is that it is independent of the sample size, making it easy to interpret in an absolute sense.

The manager of the marketing division of Acme Corporation forecasts an average monthly sales in 1978 of $65,000.In the first seven months of 1978, the average monthly sales were $63,200, with a standard deviation of $500.The management wishes to test the hypothesis H_o that "statistically" the manager was right H_o: $\mu$ = 65,000) against the alternative hypothesis that he was wrong in his forecast H_o: $\mu$ = 65,000) , using a two-tail test.Assuming normal distribution of monthly sales, which of the following statements is true?

The hypothesis test serves to quantify the reliability of research results, indicating the extent to which the data support the empirical findings.

Use the following information for questions A subscription service stated that preferences for different national magazines were independent of geographical location.A survey was taken in which 300 respondents randomly chosen from three areas were given a choice among three different magazines.Each person expressed his or her favorite.The following results were obtained: -If the null hypothesis were true, the best guess at the number of respondents who prefer magazine X in the Northeast is closest to

A high value of b indicates that the test of hypothesis is working very well.

The limitation of chi square as an association measure is 1-it is hard to compare cross-tabulations with different sample sizes. 2-it doesn't indicate how the variables are related. 3-it is difficult to obtain a feel for its value since it has no upper bound..

Two branches of a major multinational corporation conducted surveys to measure the association between income level low, mid, high) and need for a certain produce low, mid, high).The sample size in one survey was 100 and in the other, 200.The branches now wish to compare the two cross tabulations that were generated from the surveys.Given this information, the Chi square statistic would provide an easy-to-interpret method to compare the associations.

The basic steps recommended in hypothesis testing, in the correct order, are

Use the following information for questions A subscription service stated that preferences for different national magazines were independent of geographical location.A survey was taken in which 300 respondents randomly chosen from three areas were given a choice among three different magazines.Each person expressed his or her favorite.The following results were obtained: -If the appropriate null hypothesis for a chi-square test were not rejected, the following would be implied: 1-Subscription for magazine X = subscription for magazine Y = subscription for magazine Z. 2-The probability of magazine preference unconditional on location) is equal to the probability of magazine preference conditional on location) . 3-Magazine preferences are uncorrelated with location.

An index that is calculated from sample data and whose value determines whether to accept or reject a null hypothesis is a

Accepting a null hypothesis when it is false is called an)