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Exam 11: Evolution and Its Processes

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Question 1

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No one is quite sure how eukaryotic cells first appeared on Earth.Three hypotheses have been proposed for ongoing study: the eukaryote-first hypothesis, the nucleus-first hypothesis, and _________.(Outcome #4b)

A) an hypothesis that begins with mitochondria changing into a nucleus in a prokaryotic cell
B) an hypothesis that begins with mitochondria developing in a eukaryotic cell that later lost its nucleus
C) an hypothesis that begins with mitochondria developing in a prokaryotic cell that later acquired a nucleus

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Question 2

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Who else discovered natural selection at the time Darwin was ready to publish his theory?

A) Mendel
B) Wallace
C) Watson

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Question 3

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The theory of evolution states that:

Two populations of crickets have stopped interbreeding over time, although they reside in the same geographic region.What is one possible explanation?

A scientist finds a new organism that may be either a bird or a bat, but it is not clear which group it belongs to.He is pretty sure that the organism has analogous structures with bats and homologous structures with birds, as suggested by genomic data.The organism has one trait that is shared with bats but not birds.Which group should he choose for the new organism and why?

The development of evolutionary theory is credited to Charles Darwin and ______.(Outome #I4a)

Mendel discovered that whether his peas were yellow or green is determined by a single gene in which yellow (Y) is dominant over green (y) .Assuming low selective pressure, what does the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium frequency term 2pq represent in the peas?

A scientist has discovered a new organism and wishes to classify it based on morphology and genetics.While he is waiting on the genomic data, he analyzes the morphological data.The new organism has homologous structures to birds and analogous structures to bats.However, he observes one trait that is shared with bats but not birds.What should he do?

The primary pressure on species to change over time is what?

"Survival of the fittest," or the reproductive advantage in individuals who inherit traits that help it adapt to a changing environment was something Darwin called ________.(Outcome #4a)

A scientist finds what she thinks is a new species of rodent on a small Pacific island.However, some similar-looking rodents inhabit some nearby islands.She mates the new rodent with the nearby rodents and gets viable but infertile offspring.Why?

The wing of a bird and the wing of an insect are examples of _________ structures

Consider Mendel's pea plants in which a single gene determines whether the peas are yellow from the dominant allele Y or green from the recessive allele y (when both alleles are y) .According to the Hardy-Weinberg Principle of Equilibrium, what is the frequency of heterozygous individuals in a population under low selective pressure?

Individual differences with a genetic basis lead to ______ in successive generations.(Outcome #4a)

Two organisms mate and have offspring.How could you test to see if the parents were the same species?

For variation to be a meaningful contribution to evolution, what must be true?

Two very similar rodent populations are found on two Pacific islands near to one another.A scientist decides to mate some of the rodents and gets viable but sterile offspring.Why?

Endosymbiont theory is well-accepted for one evolutionary process but controversial for explaining another.What are these two processes, respectively?

Evidence believed to support the theory of evolution fall into which major categories?

Which of the following best describes evolution? (Outceom #4a)