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For a monopoly to be found illegal,which of the following is relevant after market power is established?


A) Single brand market
B) Multiple brand market
C) Collusion
D) Monopolistic intent

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What types of price-fixing agreements are considered horizontal price-fixing?

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Horizontal price-fixing agreements inclu...

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Which of the following is a component of a market?


A) A product component
B) A geographic component
C) A defined component
D) Both a product component and a geographic component

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Happy City has three distributors of milk products.Sam,who owns a grocery store,angers one of the distributors when he insists that additional milk be delivered on Christmas Eve.He annoys another distributor when he makes a delivery driver wait to deliver milk.The three distributors get together and discuss the fact that they like all the other grocers in town better than Sam.One of them has an idea that they should stop selling milk products to Sam.The milk distributors call their friends the meat distributors and talk them into not selling meat to Sam either.Sam hears about the plot and wants to stop it.Which of the following best describes the agreements between the distributors of milk and meat to not sell to Sam?


A) It would likely be a boycott.
B) It would likely be a horizontal distribution agreement.
C) It would likely be a vertical distribution agreement.
D) There is no descriptive term in antitrust law since this is simply an agreement among sellers who do not legally have to sell to any particular buyer.

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In the European Union,the principal rules of competition law are set forth in which of the following?


A) The Treaty of Amsterdam and the Merger Control Regulation
B) The European Union Regulation and the Treaty of Amsterdam
C) Only the European Union Regulation
D) Only the Treaty of Amsterdam

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Fact Pattern 16-2 Number One Oil Company sells gas to various gas stations. Number One requires that the gas stations agree that they will not sell gas above a certain maximum price set by Number One. Some of the gas stations are unhappy with the arrangement because they wish to sell gas at any price they choose. Unfortunately for them, other oil companies in the region also impose maximum price restrictions. The station owners begin investigating whether any antitrust violation could be involved. -Refer to Fact Pattern 16-2.Which of the following is true regarding whether the imposition of maximum prices under the facts presented would be an antitrust violation?


A) The U.S.Supreme Court has ruled that such restrictions do not violate federal antitrust law.
B) The imposition of maximum pricing restrictions is per se illegal under federal antitrust law.
C) A rule of reason approach is used in determining whether the imposition of maximum prices is illegal under federal antitrust law.
D) A presumption of reasonableness approach is used in determining whether the imposition of maximum prices is illegal under federal antitrust law.

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Which of the following refers to the principle that unless barriers to entry or other factors make a market structurally conducive to monopolization,pricing below cost is not a Sherman Act violation,regardless of whether the defendant had monopolistic intent?


A) The principle of certainty
B) The principle of uncertainty
C) The rule of improbability
D) The rule of impossibility

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Which of the following is an approach to analyzing the reasonableness of a restraint of trade?


A) Totality rule
B) Per se rule
C) Rule of reason
D) Both the per se rule and the rule of reason

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The __________ concludes that market forces defeat most anticompetitive practices.


A) Chicago School
B) Antitrust School
C) Contra-antitrust School
D) Economic Forecasting Model

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Section 2 of the Sherman Act prohibits:


A) price discrimination.
B) monopolies and attempts to monopolize.
C) every contract, combination or conspiracy in restraint of trade.
D) mergers that threaten competition.

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Market power is defined as the power to control prices or exclude competition in a relevant market.

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The European Union takes a stricter view of vertical territorial restraints because of their tendency to impede continent-wide market integration.

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Fact Pattern 16-2 Number One Oil Company sells gas to various gas stations. Number One requires that the gas stations agree that they will not sell gas above a certain maximum price set by Number One. Some of the gas stations are unhappy with the arrangement because they wish to sell gas at any price they choose. Unfortunately for them, other oil companies in the region also impose maximum price restrictions. The station owners begin investigating whether any antitrust violation could be involved. -Refer to Fact Pattern 16-2.Which of the following best describes the situation by which Number One Oil Company and other companies impose maximum price restrictions?


A) Horizontal price-fixing
B) Vertical price-fixing
C) Adverse price-fixing
D) There is no antitrust term for the practice.

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What was the first U.S.antitrust law?


A) The Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act
B) The Robinson-Patman Act
C) The Clayton Act
D) The Sherman Act

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Discuss the basic U.S.rule for evaluating whether monopolistic action under the Sherman Act is violated by acts affecting U.S.imports where the anticompetitive conduct occurs offshore,but the adverse impact is felt in the United States.When,if ever,is conflicting law between a foreign country and the U.S.a defense?

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The Sherman Act will apply to conduct by...

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Even when a U.S.court finds a foreign corporation in violation of the antitrust laws,any award of damages is meaningless without foreign enforcement of the award unless the foreign corporation has assets in the U.S.that can be attached to satisfy the judgment.

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Horizontal price-fixing,such as an agreement between retailers to set a common price for a product,is the classic example of a(n) __________ violation of Section 1 of the Sherman Act.


A) per se
B) intentional
C) rule of reason
D) willful

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Which of the following is true regarding enforcement under the antitrust laws?


A) The U.S.Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission act as enforcement agents for the federal antitrust laws.
B) Only the U.S.Department of Justice acts as an enforcement agent for the federal antitrust laws.
C) Only the Federal Trade Commission acts as an enforcement agent for the federal antitrust laws.
D) The U.S.Department of Justice and the Consumer Fairness Commission act as enforcement agents for the federal antitrust laws.

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Firms can incur liability under Section 2 of the Sherman Act by acquiring monopoly power through corporate mergers or acquisitions.

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If a manufacturer of television sets acquires a magazine publisher,it will be a:


A) vertical merger.
B) horizontal merger.
C) conglomerate merger.
D) product-line.

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