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Exam 1: Tiinking Critically With Psychological Science

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Question 91

Multiple Choice

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To discover the extent to which economic status can be used to predict political preferences, researchers are most likely to use

A) the case study approach.
B) naturalistic observation.
C) correlational measures.
D) experimental research.

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Question 92

Multiple Choice

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Professor Woo noticed that the distribution of students' scores on her last biology test had an extremely small standard deviation. This indicates that the

A) test was given to a very small class of students.
B) test was a poor measure of the students' knowledge.
C) students generally performed very well on the test.
D) students' scores tended to be very similar to one another.

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Question 93

Multiple Choice

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Our tendency to believe we know more than we do illustrates

The most foolproof way of testing whether a newly introduced method of psychological therapy is truly effective is to use

Which of the following is a measure of the degree of variation among a set of scores?

To compare the pace of life in different countries, investigators measured the speed with which postal clerks completed a simple request. Which research method did this illustrate?

On a series of coin tosses, Oleg has correctly predicted heads or tails seven times in a row. In this instance, we can reasonably conclude that Oleg's predictive accuracy

Jean Piaget developed his ideas about children's thinking after carefully observing and questioning only a few children. Which research method did he use?

Displaying data in a scatterplot can help us see the extent to which two variables are

The hindsight bias refers to people's tendency to

Ethical principles developed by psychologists urge investigators to

Distinguishing between an experimental group and a control group is most relevant to specifying the nature of

To assess the effectiveness of flu vaccine for county residents, Mr. Carlson wants to administer vaccine injections to all county residents rather than give half of them a placebo injection. Mr. Carlson is most clearly underestimating the importance of

What is the mode of the following distribution: 8, 2, 1, 1, 3, 7, 6, 2, 0, 2?

The placebo effect best illustrates the impact of ________ on feelings and behaviors.

Participants in an experiment are said to be blind if they are uninformed about

Which technique involves repeating the essence of an earlier research study with different participants and in different circumstances?

To study some effects of alcohol consumption, Dr. Chu tested the physical coordination skills of 21-year-old men who had just drunk either 4, 2, or 0 ounces of alcohol. In this study, the independent variable consisted of

A research method in which an investigator manipulates factors that potentially produce a particular effect is called a(n)

Approximately 95 percent of the cases represented by the normal curve fall within ________ standard deviation(s) from the mean.