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In a negative message using the indirect approach, the buffer in the opening is immediately followed by a(n) ________.


A) clear statement of the bad news
B) explanation for the news
C) neutral statement unrelated to the purpose of the message
D) positive statement, expressing genuine optimism for the future

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You need to convey to a customer that his shipment will arrive a week late. Which of the following lines will be most effective in communicating this news?


A) We regret to inform you that your shipment will arrive a week late.
B) Due to unavoidable circumstances, your shipment has been delayed by a week.
C) Your shipment will be delivered next week.
D) Your shipment will arrive next week, even though we promised that you would receive it this week.

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When conveying negative organizational news, you should ________.


A) utilize the element of surprise to buy time to prepare a response
B) use face-to-face communication, not electronic communication
C) ideally use the direct approach
D) if possible, give yourself enough time to plan and manage a response

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An effective buffer is a neutral, noncontroversial statement unrelated to the main purpose of the message.

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To create an effective negative message, it is important to choose ________ words that can ease disappointment.

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Which of the following is a guideline for making a clear statement of the bad news when organizing a negative message using the indirect method?


A) Put the bad news as the main clause of a compound or complex sentence.
B) Avoid putting the bad news in parenthetical expressions.
C) Maximize the space or time devoted to the bad news.
D) De-emphasize the bad news.

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What are the guidelines for handling bad news about transactions?

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Bad news about transactions is always un...

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When refusing claims, use the ________ approach in most instances.

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When using the indirect approach in organizing your negative news message, the reasons for the bad news should precede the actual statement of the bad news.

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Whenever possible, avoid using "company policy" as the reason for the bad news.

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What are the four steps an organization must take to respond effectively to rumours and negative information in a social media environment?

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An organization should follow these four...

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As an executive in the Admissions Office of Greenwood College, Janet must send rejection letters to applicants to the MBA program at the college. She decides to organize her messages using the indirect approach. Which of the following facts, if TRUE, would support Janet's choice?


A) All the rejected applicants are offered the option of registering for the two-year diploma course in management instead, which has the same standing in the job market as an MBA.
B) The college was recently refused a grant that it had applied for to support its MBA program.
C) The college's decision is final and further discussion or communication about the matter will not be entertained.
D) Owing to the large number of enrollments it accepts and its above average rating, this college is considered a "safety net" college by several applicants-a college they wouldn't mind getting into if the bigger names don't work out.

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In a negative message that uses the indirect approach, an ideal explanation section should ________.


A) include a sincere apology
B) give additional information about the bad news revealed in the opening
C) first reveal the bad news and then suggest alternative courses of action
D) signal the negative news ahead

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You should use the direct approach to organize negative news messages when ________.


A) you want to soften the blow of the negative news
B) the reader has an emotional investment in the situation
C) the bad news is not expected by the reader
D) the bad news will not come as a shock to the reader

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Rewrite the following phrase using positive words rather than negative ones: You made a mistake on this bill.

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The bill was incorre...

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Briefly describe the eight types of buffers.

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1. Agreement-Find a point on which you a...

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As General Manager of a company, Julian needs to write a message turning down a request for additional funds for a promotion drive planned by the company's marketing department. Which of the following lines would best serve as a buffer statement for this message, considering that you are using the indirect approach in organizing this message?


A) We would love to grant your request but budget constraints do not allow us to do so at this point.
B) We share your goal of increasing the company's revenues by 25% this year.
C) The marketing department is doing a great job out there and we would like to do all we can to help.
D) This year has proven to be one of dramatic growth for our company.

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When providing reasons for bad news in a negative news message that uses the indirect approach, you should ________.


A) avoid using "company policy" as the reason most of the time
B) start with the most negative points and then move on to increasingly positive ones
C) present your reasons in a clearly apologetic tone
D) avoid going into details of the reasons for the bad news

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The legal term for insulting someone in writing is called ________.

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The ________ approach to organizing negative messages opens with the reasons behind the bad news before presenting the bad news itself.


A) indirect
B) short
C) direct
D) informal

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