Question 1

In a meristematic region, the cell plate during mitosis is perpendicular to the side of the stem. In what direction will the stem grow?

Accepted Answer

A)   laterally in width
B)   vertically in height
C)   at a 45-degree angle from the ground
D)   away from the sun

Question 2

Which of the following cell types retains the ability to undergo cell division?

Accepted Answer

A)   a parenchyma cell near the root tip
B)   a functional sieve tube element
C)   a tracheid
D)   a stem fiber

Question 3

The veins of leaves are ________.
I composed of xylem and phloem
II continuous, with vascular bundles in the stem and roots
III finely branched to be in close contact with photosynthesizing cells

Accepted Answer

A)   only I
B)   only II
C)   only III
D)   I, II, and III

Question 4

A plant has the following characteristics: a taproot system, several growth rings evident in a cross section of the stem, and a layer of bark around the outside. Which of the following best describes the plant?

Accepted Answer

A)   herbaceous eudicot
B)   woody eudicot
C)   woody monocot
D)   herbaceous monocot

Question 5

Monocot vascular bundles do not have a vascular cambium between the xylem and phloem. This means that monocots ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   are much less efficient at conducting water and sugars
B)   have very thin stems
C)   do not produce wood in annual rings
D)   cannot produce lateral shoots

Question 6

A student examining leaf cross sections under a microscope finds many loosely packed cells with relatively thin cell walls. The cells have numerous chloroplasts. What type of cells are they?

Accepted Answer

A)   parenchyma
B)   endodermis
C)   collenchyma
D)   sclerenchyma

Question 7

The following diagram is of a cross section of a plant leaf. Use the diagram to answer the question.

The main function associated with structure X is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   absorption of carbon dioxide
B)   retention of water
C)   collection of light
D)   release of carbon dioxide

Question 8

The driving force that pushes the root tip through the soil is primarily ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   continuous cell division in the root cap at the tip of the root
B)   continuous cell division just behind the root cap in the center of the apical meristem
C)   elongation of cells behind the root apical meristem
D)   continuous cell division of root cap cells

Question 9

Strawberries have modified horizontal shoots growing along the surface, which are referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   rhizomes
B)   tubers
C)   stolons
D)   rhizoids

Question 10

A plant that grows one year, dies back, and then grows again the following year, produces flowers, and then dies would be considered ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   annual
B)   biennial
C)   perennial
D)   not very fit

Question 11

The polarity of a plant is established when ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   cotyledons form at the shoot end of the embryo
B)   the shoot-root axis is established in the embryo
C)   the primary root breaks through the seed coat
D)   the shoot first breaks through the soil into the light as the seed germinates

Question 12

Which of the following arise(s) , directly or indirectly, from meristematic activity?

Accepted Answer

A)   secondary xylem
B)   leaves
C)   dermal tissue
D)   all of the above

Question 13

Where is primary growth occurring in an old tree?

Accepted Answer

A)   closest to ground level at the base of the tree
B)   in young branches where leaves are forming
C)   where the vascular cambium and cork cambium are located
D)   Nowhere; trees more than a year old have only secondary growth.

Question 14

When you eat Brussels sprouts, you are eating ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   immature flowers
B)   large axillary buds
C)   petioles
D)   storage leaves

Question 15

The innermost layer of the root cortex is the

Accepted Answer

A)   core.
B)   pericycle.
C)   endodermis.
D)   pith.

Question 16

Which of the following cells or tissues arise from lateral meristem activity?

Accepted Answer

A)   secondary xylem
B)   leaves
C)   trichomes
D)   tubers

Question 17

Which of the following is correctly paired with its structure and function?

Accepted Answer

A)   sclerenchyma-supporting cells with thick secondary walls
B)   ground meristem-protective coat of woody stems and roots
C)   guard cells-waterproof ring of cells surrounding the central stele in roots
D)   periderm-parenchyma cells functioning in photosynthesis in leaves

Question 18

Prop roots are the modified aerial adventitious roots of corn that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   enable the root system to obtain oxygen
B)   support tall, top-heavy plants
C)   enable the root system to anchor
D)   wrap around other plants to support tall, top-heavy plants

Question 19

Heartwood and sapwood consist of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   periderm
B)   secondary xylem
C)   secondary phloem
D)   cork

Question 20

Which of the following root tissues gives rise to lateral roots?

Accepted Answer

A)   endodermis
B)   phloem
C)   epidermis
D)   pericycle

Exam 35: Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Where is primary growth occurring in an old tree?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The innermost layer of the root cortex is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When you eat Brussels sprouts, you are eating ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Strawberries have modified horizontal shoots growing along the surface, which are referred to as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following cells or tissues arise from lateral meristem activity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The polarity of a plant is established when ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The following diagram is of a cross section of a plant leaf. Use the diagram to answer the question. The main function associated with structure X is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prop roots are the modified aerial adventitious roots of corn that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is correctly paired with its structure and function?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The veins of leaves are ________. I composed of xylem and phloem II continuous, with vascular bundles in the stem and roots III finely branched to be in close contact with photosynthesizing cells

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The driving force that pushes the root tip through the soil is primarily ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A plant has the following characteristics: a taproot system, several growth rings evident in a cross section of the stem, and a layer of bark around the outside. Which of the following best describes the plant?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following arise(s) , directly or indirectly, from meristematic activity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A plant that grows one year, dies back, and then grows again the following year, produces flowers, and then dies would be considered ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following cell types retains the ability to undergo cell division?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Heartwood and sapwood consist of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A student examining leaf cross sections under a microscope finds many loosely packed cells with relatively thin cell walls. The cells have numerous chloroplasts. What type of cells are they?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a meristematic region, the cell plate during mitosis is perpendicular to the side of the stem. In what direction will the stem grow?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Monocot vascular bundles do not have a vascular cambium between the xylem and phloem. This means that monocots ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following root tissues gives rise to lateral roots?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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