Question 1

In the process of natural selection, individuals that are most fit are the ones that

Accepted Answer

A)   survive the longest.
B)   reproduce the most.
C)   migrate every year.
D)   have the most genetic mutations.
E)   are the most physically fit.

Question 2

Natural selection can favor directional, stabilizing, and disruptive selection in the same population simultaneously.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following examples describes genetic drift?

Accepted Answer

A)   A forest fire kills all plant life south of a highway.
B)   Rabbits with longer fur survive the winter.
C)   Insects resistant to insecticide survive crop dusting.
D)   Colorful lizards living on brown leaves are most often eaten by predators.
E)   Plants with larger flowers attract more butterflies than plants with smaller flowers. A

Question 4

All of the genes and all of their associated alleleswithin a population represent the population's

Accepted Answer

A)   genotype.
B)   gene flow.
C)   gene pool.
D)   genome.
E)   Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

Question 5

A group of field mice crosses a highway and joins a new population of field mice on the other side, producing offspring with this population. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   gene flow.
B)   genetic drift.
C)   Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
D)   assortative mating.
E)   hybridization.

Question 6

Microevolution is influenced by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   mutation
B)   gene flow
C)   natural selection
D)   genetic drift
E)   All of the above answers describe factors that influence microevolution. E

Question 7

Which Hardy-Weinberg condition is violated by sexual selection?

Accepted Answer

A)   no mutations
B)   no natural selection
C)   random mating
D)   no genetic drift
E)   no gene flow

Question 8

If the average tail size of a reptile continually got smaller through generations, this would be an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   disruptive selection.
B)   stabilizing selection.
C)   directional selection.
D)   genetic drift.
E)   bottleneck effect.

Question 9

In random mating

Accepted Answer

A)   individuals choose the most attractive mate.
B)   there is no factor influencing mate choice.
C)   breeding occurs between two different species.
D)   breeding occurs between two different subspecies.
E)   fertile offspring are not produced. B

Question 10

Which of the following is most likely to result in the formation of two distinct species?

Accepted Answer

A)   directional selection
B)   stabilizing selection
C)   disruptive selection
D)   genetic drift
E)   bottleneck effect

Question 11

A female peacock chooses a mate based on his showy plumage and courtship dance. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   random mating.
B)   assortative mating.
C)   sexual selection.
D)   gene flow.
E)   natural selection.

Question 12

Polydactylism (possessing more than five fingers per hand) within the Amish population in Pennsylvania isconsidered an example of the founder effect. This is because the frequency of polydactylism among the Amish in Pennsylvania is identical to its frequency among the Amish population in Germany.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

In what type of environment is being heterozygous in regards to the sickle-cell trait an advantage?

Accepted Answer

A)   an environment that has malaria
B)   an environment that is malaria-free
C)   an environment that is exposed to a large amount of sunlight year-round
D)   a polluted environment
E)   an environment that is cold and rainy

Question 14

In the Hardy-Weinberg formula, what does q 2 represent?

Accepted Answer

A)   frequency of the dominant allele
B)   frequency of the recessive allele
C)   frequency of the heterozygotes
D)   frequency of the homozygous dominants
E)   frequency of the homozygous recessives

Question 15

Dominat alleles are always the most common.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

If a population recovers to its original population size after experiencing a bottleneck, which statement is correct regarding this population?

Accepted Answer

A)   The recovered population is as likely to go extinct as is the population prior to the bottleneck.
B)   The bottleneck subjected the population to directional selection.
C)   The recovered population shows less genetic diversity than the population prior to the bottleneck.
D)   The recovered population shows more genetic diversity than the population prior to the bottleneck.
E)   The recovered population is more likely to go extinct as is the population prior to the bottleneck.

Question 17

If p = 0.6, what is q?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.6
B)   0.4
C)   0.36
D)   0.15
E)   0

Question 18

What might occur in moth populations if pollution from industry was cleaned up and the color of tree bark returned to its natural color?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dark-colored moths would continue to be the predominant phenotype.
B)   Birds would see dark-colored moths more easily than light-colored moths and prey on dark-colored moths more frequently.
C)   Dark- and light-colored moths would survive in equal numbers.
D)   Birds would prey upon dark- and light-colored moths equally.
E)   Selection would favor the hybrid offspring of dark and light moths.

Question 19

Which of the following could increase genetic variation?

Accepted Answer

A)   natural selection
B)   genetic drift
C)   bottleneck effect
D)   founder effect
E)   mutation

Question 20

The increase in frequency of dark phenotypes in response to increased pollution is called

Accepted Answer

A)   genetic drift.
B)   founder effect.
C)   industrial melanism.
D)   assortative mating.
E)   stabilizing selection.

Exam 15: Evolution on a Small Scale

In the process of natural selection, individuals that are most fit are the ones that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Natural selection can favor directional, stabilizing, and disruptive selection in the same population simultaneously.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following examples describes genetic drift?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

All of the genes and all of their associated alleleswithin a population represent the population's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A group of field mice crosses a highway and joins a new population of field mice on the other side, producing offspring with this population. This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microevolution is influenced by which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Which Hardy-Weinberg condition is violated by sexual selection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the average tail size of a reptile continually got smaller through generations, this would be an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In random mating

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which of the following is most likely to result in the formation of two distinct species?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A female peacock chooses a mate based on his showy plumage and courtship dance. This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Polydactylism (possessing more than five fingers per hand) within the Amish population in Pennsylvania isconsidered an example of the founder effect. This is because the frequency of polydactylism among the Amish in Pennsylvania is identical to its frequency among the Amish population in Germany.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In what type of environment is being heterozygous in regards to the sickle-cell trait an advantage?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the Hardy-Weinberg formula, what does q 2 represent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dominat alleles are always the most common.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a population recovers to its original population size after experiencing a bottleneck, which statement is correct regarding this population?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If p = 0.6, what is q?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What might occur in moth populations if pollution from industry was cleaned up and the color of tree bark returned to its natural color?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following could increase genetic variation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The increase in frequency of dark phenotypes in response to increased pollution is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A

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E

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B

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In the Hardy-Weinberg formula, what does q ² represent?

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