Question 1

HIV antibodies appear within how many weeks after infection through blood products?

Accepted Answer

A)   1 to 2
B)   4 to 7
C)   10 to 12
D)   20 to 24

Question 2

Considering the hypothalamus,a fever is produced by:

Accepted Answer

A)   Endogenous pyrogens acting directly on the hypothalamus.
B)   Exogenous pyrogens acting directly on the hypothalamus.
C)   Immune complexes acting indirectly on the hypothalamus.
D)   Cytokines acting indirectly on the hypothalamus.

Question 3

Which cells are primary targets for HIV?

Accepted Answer

A)   CD4+ Th cells only
B)   CD4+ Th cells, macrophages, and natural killer cells
C)   CD8-positive cytotoxic T (Tc)  cells and plasma cells
D)   CD8-positive Tc cells only

Question 4

Which statement is a characteristic of HIV?

Accepted Answer

A)   HIV only infects T-helper (Th)  cells.
B)   HIV is a retrovirus.
C)   HIV carries genetic information in its DNA.
D)   HIV has five identified strains.

Question 5

Match each term with its definition.
-Ability of the pathogen to invade and multiply in the host

Accepted Answer

A)  Toxigenicity
B)  Infectivity
C)  Pathogenicity
D)  Virulence

Question 6

Which statement is true concerning a fungal infection?

Accepted Answer

A)   Fungal infections occur only on skin, hair, and nails.
B)   Phagocytes and T lymphocytes control fungal infections.
C)   Fungal infections release endotoxins.
D)   Vaccines prevent fungal infections. B

Question 7

Which statements are true regarding endotoxins? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Endotoxins are lipopolysaccharides.
B)   Endotoxins are located in the walls of bacteria.
C)   Endotoxins are created during the process of lysis.
D)   Endotoxins are found in gram-negative microorganisms.
E)   Endotoxins are released during the destruction of its host.

Question 8

Cytokines are thought to cause fevers by stimulating the synthesis of which chemical mediator?

Accepted Answer

A)   Leukotriene
B)   Histamine
C)   Prostaglandin
D)   Bradykinin

Question 9

Which secretion transmits HIV? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Semen
B)   Urine
C)   Saliva
D)   Breast milk
E)   Sweat

Question 10

What is the role of reverse transcriptase in HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

A)   Reverse transcriptase converts single-stranded DNA into double-stranded DNA.
B)   It is needed to produce integrase.
C)   It transports the RNA into the cell nucleus.
D)   It converts RNA into double-stranded DNA.

Question 11

The ability of the pathogen to invade and multiply in the host is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)   Infectivity
B)   Toxigenicity
C)   Pathogenicity
D)   Virulence

Question 12

What area in the body may act as a reservoir in which HIV can be relatively protected from antiviral drugs?

Accepted Answer

A)   Central nervous system
B)   Bone marrow
C)   Thymus gland
D)   Lungs

Question 13

Which organism is a common sexually transmitted bacterial infection?

Accepted Answer

A)   Staphylococcus aureus
B)   Clostridium perfringens
C)   Helicobacter pylori
D)   Treponema pallidum

Question 14

Which type of microorganism reproduces on the skin?

Accepted Answer

A)   Viruses
B)   Bacteria and fungi
C)   Protozoa and Rickettsiae
D)   Mycoplasma

Question 15

Which of the following play a role in the control of fungal infections? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Cytokines
B)   Macrophages
C)   Natural killer cells
D)   Neutrophils
E)   T lymphocytes

Question 16

Which statement is true regarding the development of HIV symptoms? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Symptoms generally appear in the clinical latency stage.
B)   Symptoms are generally observable within 5 years of the initial infection.
C)   T cells levels, particularly those of memory T cells, progressively decrease.
D)   Untreated infected individuals may remain asymptomatic for up to10 years.
E)   Secondary lymphoid organs experience damage and resulting malfunction.

Question 17

Once they have penetrated the first line of defense,which microorganisms do natural killer (NK) cells actively attack?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bacteria
B)   Fungi
C)   Viruses
D)   Mycoplasma C

Question 18

Which infection is fungal? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Ringworm
B)   Candida
C)   Cholera
D)   Athlete's foot
E)   Aspergillus A,B,D,E

Question 19

What is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide?

Accepted Answer

A)   Starvation
B)   Traumatic injury
C)   Cardiovascular disease
D)   Infectious disease

Question 20

Which statement concerning exotoxins is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Exotoxins are contained in cell walls of gram-negative bacteria.
B)   Exotoxins are released during the lysis of bacteria.
C)   Exotoxins are able to initiate the complement and coagulation cascades.
D)   Exotoxins are released during bacterial growth.

Exam 10: Infection

HIV antibodies appear within how many weeks after infection through blood products?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Considering the hypothalamus,a fever is produced by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which cells are primary targets for HIV?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is a characteristic of HIV?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match each term with its definition. -Ability of the pathogen to invade and multiply in the host

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is true concerning a fungal infection?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which statements are true regarding endotoxins? (Select all that apply.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cytokines are thought to cause fevers by stimulating the synthesis of which chemical mediator?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which secretion transmits HIV? (Select all that apply.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the role of reverse transcriptase in HIV infection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ability of the pathogen to invade and multiply in the host is referred to as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What area in the body may act as a reservoir in which HIV can be relatively protected from antiviral drugs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which organism is a common sexually transmitted bacterial infection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of microorganism reproduces on the skin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following play a role in the control of fungal infections? (Select all that apply.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is true regarding the development of HIV symptoms? (Select all that apply.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Once they have penetrated the first line of defense,which microorganisms do natural killer (NK) cells actively attack?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which infection is fungal? (Select all that apply.)

Correct AnswerverifiedA,B,D,E

What is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement concerning exotoxins is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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C

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A,B,D,E

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