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Exam 7: Cell Structure and Function

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Question 21

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Which of the following statements best describes some aspect of protein secretion from prokaryotic cells?

A) Prokaryotes cannot secrete proteins because they lack an endomembrane system.
B) Proteins secreted by prokaryotes are likely synthesized on ribosomes bound to the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane.
C) The mechanism of protein secretion in prokaryotes is probably the same as that in eukaryotes.
D) Prokaryotes cannot secrete proteins because they lack rough endoplasmic reticulum.

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Question 22

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Which of the following is the most appropriate technique for observing the movements of condensed chromosomes during cell division?

A) a using a magnifying glass
B) standard light microscopy
C) scanning electron microscopy
D) transmission electron microscopy

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Question 23

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Passive leakage of partially digested material from the small intestine into the human abdominal cavity may result from defects in which of the following type of intercellular junction?

The liver is involved in detoxification of many poisons and drugs. Which of the following structures is abundant in liver cells and primarily responsible for detoxification processes?

A characteristic 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules, consisting of nine doublet microtubules surrounding a pair of single microtubules describes the ultrastructure of which of the following cellular structures?

Disruption of the function of which of the following organelles would result in a dramatic decrease in ATP synthesis in eukaryotic cells?

When H. V. Wilson exposed two species of differently pigmented sponges to a chemical that disrupted intercellular junctions, the cells of the sponges dissociated. Wilson then removed the chemical that caused dissociation and mixed the cells of the two species. He found that the sponges reassembled and that the cells from one species did not interact or form associations with the cells of the other species. Which of the following statements provides the most plausible explanation for the results of this experiment?

Disruption of nuclear pore complexes in a eukaryotic cell will most likely interfere with the transport of which of the following molecules into the nucleus?

Which of the following is the smallest biological structure that would most likely be visible with a standard research-grade light microscope?

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?

Which of the following statements best explains how a modern transmission electron microscope (TEM) can achieve a resolution of about 2.0 nanometers, whereas a standard light microscope has a maximum resolution of about 200 nanometers?

Which of the following statements best describes one major difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?

A young child who suffers from a metabolic disease is always tired and fatigued. Which of the following organelles is most likely malfunctioning in this disease?

If you are provided with a cube of modeling clay, which of the following changes to the shape of this cube will decrease its surface area relative to its volume?

Which of the following structures form cytoplasmic channels that connect adjacent plant cells through the cell walls?

Motor proteins provide for molecular motion in cells by interacting with which of the following cellular structures?

A newly synthesized protein destined for secretion from a eukaryotic cell will generally follow which of the pathways listed below?

Movement of amoebae across a surface requires which of the following activities by components of the cytoskeleton?

Researchers investigating the mechanism of vesicle transport assembled a cell-free system that included microtubules, vesicles, and ATP. However, they observed no movement of transport of vesicles because the mixture was missing which of the following components?

A particular cell contains the following molecules and structures: enzymes, DNA, ribosomes, plasma membrane, and mitochondria. Based on this composition, it could be a cell from which of the following organisms?