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Exam 9: Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

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Question 21

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A chemical agent that dissolves lipids can damage

A) cells.
B) bacterial endospores.
C) enveloped viruses.
D) nonenveloped and enveloped viruses.
E) cells and enveloped viruses.

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Question 22

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A scientist develops a new medication that is a protein compound and that must be administered by injection.Which of the following would be the most effective and safest means of preparing a sterile solution of the new medication?

A) autoclaving
B) filtration
C) dilution with alcohol
D) lyophilization
E) ultraviolet irradiation

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Question 23

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Quaternary ammonium compounds are disinfectants effective against

Which of the following is used to sterilize items that should not,or cannot,be exposed to heat or water?

Seventy percent alcohol is effective against

Which of the following procedures is currently the standard test used in the United States for evaluating the efficiency of antiseptics and disinfectants?

The antimicrobial chemical pictured above in Figure 9.1 is a(n)(phenolic/surfactant/enzyme)compound found in many consumer products.

Which of the following is a sterilizing agent?

By themselves,soaps have only degerming activity,not antimicrobial activity.

The phenol coefficient is one of the most widely used measurements of an antimicrobial agent's effectiveness.

Microbial growth in jellies is inhibited by the (acidic/hypotonic/hypertonic)condition of the food.

A student is shopping for antibacterial hand cleansers and is trying to decide which one to buy.One is a "waterless" hand gel containing 70% isopropanol,the second is an "antibacterial" hand soap containing triclosan (a phenolic),and the third is a wipe that lists benzethonium chloride (a synthetic quaternary ammonium salt)as the active ingredient.Compare and contrast these cleansers in terms of the action of the antimicrobial ingredient and the level of disinfection (degerming,germistatic,germicidal).

Hydrogen peroxide is an effective

Methods of microbial control called ________ arrest the growth of microbes.

Quaternary ammonium compounds ("quats") are used for

The physical removal of microbes is called (antisepsis/degerming/disinfection).

Gamma irradiation is effective for sterilization because it

Disinfecting agents naturally produced by microorganisms are

The microbial death rate is (constant/nonlinear/variable)over time.

Heavy metal and oxidizing agent disinfectants damage (DNA/enzymes/membranes),interfering with microbial metabolism.