Question 1

Match between columns
                        Premises: growth of the polypeptide chain
the first stage of translation
triggered by a stop codon
protein synthesis proceeding in a 5' to 3' direction
assembly of the ribosome
completed polypeptide chain released from ribosome

Accepted Answer

The Answer of elongation and initiation and termination is...

Question 2

Reverse transcriptase catalyzes the synthesis of DNA from an RNA template. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Leader sequences contain signals that:

Accepted Answer

A)   prevent enzymes from degrading the newly synthesized mRNA.
B)   inhibit ribosome binding until the appropriate time.
C)   initiate chain termination.
D)   allow the ribosomes to be properly positioned for translation of mRNA molecules.
E)   allow tRNA molecules to successfully bind to mRNA.

Question 4

In the Beadle and Tatum study, it was important that Neurospora was haploid because:

Accepted Answer

A)   it is easier to grow haploid molds in the laboratory.
B)   haploid molds have simpler nutritional requirements than do diploid molds.
C)   a mutation that arises is not masked by a normal allele on a homologous chromosome.
D)   haploid Neurospora will always mutate.
E)   diploid Neurospora will always mutate.

Question 5

Following peptide bond formation between the amino acid in the A site on the ribosome and the growing polypeptide chain, the tRNA in the A site:

Accepted Answer

A)   releases the growing polypeptide chain.
B)   picks up another amino acid to add to the chain.
C)   moves to the P site of the ribosome.
D)   forms a peptide bond with A site of the ribosome.
E)   forms a covalent bond with the P site of the ribosome.

Question 6

Eukaryotic mRNA has a significantly longer half life than its prokaryotic counterpart. How is this accomplished in eukaryotes? What processes tend to degrade mRNA molecules in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and why are these processes needed?

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Eukaryotic mRNA is...

Question 7

A polyribosome is:

Accepted Answer

A)   a complex composed of several ribosomes and plus an mRNA transcript.
B)   a complex componsed of several ribosomes in eukaryotes.
C)   an initiation complex in eukaryotes.
D)   an elongation complex in eukaryotes.
E)   one ribosome complexed to several mRNAs.

Question 8

Figure 13-3  Refer to the accompanying figure. Which label indicates the location of the promoter region?

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   D
E)   E

Question 9

RNA polymerase binds to the promoter sequence in RNA . 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The 3' trailing sequences are located upstream of the stop codon. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Draw a general overview of the flow of genetic information from DNA to protein in eukaryote vs. prokarytotes. You should construct one drawing for eukaryotes and one for prokaryotes. Label all structures, molecules, processes, and cellular compartments.

Accepted Answer

The flow d...

Question 12

Match between columns
                        Premises: small double-stranded RNA molecules; regulates gene expression
large RNA molecules; regulates chromatin structure
small RNA molecules; inhibits mobile DNA element activity in germ cells
small RNA molecules; inhibit translation
helps to deliver the ribosome-mRNA-polypeptide complex to the rough ER
responsible for pre-rRNA molecule processing in the nucleolus

Accepted Answer

The Answer of SRP RNA and miRNA and snoRNA and is...

Question 13

Beadle and Tatum began their studies with wild-type Neurospora. How is this organism best characterized?

Accepted Answer

A)   A strain that only grows in the wild
B)   A mutant strain that will only grow in the lab on complete medium
C)   A strain that will not grow in the lab
D)   A virulent strain
E)   A normal phenotype that will grow on minimal medium

Question 14

snRNPs function to splice introns together. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Figure 13-2  Refer to the accompanying figure. The portion of the molecule labeled as 5 is:

Accepted Answer

A)   the attached amino acid.
B)   a double-stranded DNA region.
C)   a single-stranded DNA region.
D)   the anticodon.
E)   the codon.

Question 16

If an mRNA transcript of the human XYZ gene was introduced into a yeast cell, the transcript would be:

Accepted Answer

A)   degraded immediately.
B)   translated into a yeast-specific gene.
C)   translated into the human XYZ protein.
D)   exported outside the cell.
E)   transcribed into the XYZ mRNA.

Question 17

Discuss which type of DNA mutation in the coding region of an essential human gene (for example, insulin) would be the most harmful to a phenotype. Consider missense, nonsense, frameshifts, and transposons.

Accepted Answer

Answers can vary, but missense mutations...

Question 18

These noncoding sequences located within coding regions of ____ genes are called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   only eukaryotic; introns
B)   eukaryotic and prokaryotic; introns
C)   only prokaryotic; introns
D)   only eukaryotic; exons
E)   only prokaryotic; exons

Question 19

What evolutionary role is served by the redundancy of the genetic code?

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: The redundancy of ...

Question 20

How is the four-letter language of nucleic acids converted into the twenty-word language of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)   The four nucleic acid bases combine in two-letter combinations that define different amino acids.
B)   The four nucleic acid bases combine in three-letter sequences that define different amino acids.
C)   Triplets of the two-letter nucleic acid bases are translated into the twenty different amino acids.
D)   The four bases each specify one amino acid, which in combination give rise to the remaining sixteen amino acids.
E)   The four bases are first converted into tRNA molecules, which can each attach to five amino acids.

Exam 13: Gene Expression

Beadle and Tatum began their studies with wild-type Neurospora. How is this organism best characterized?

Correct Answer
verified

If an mRNA transcript of the human XYZ gene was introduced into a yeast cell, the transcript would be:

Correct Answer
verified

Figure 13-3 Refer to the accompanying figure. Which label indicates the location of the promoter region?

Correct Answer
verified

Match the RNA molecule with its corresponding description.

Figure 13-2 Refer to the accompanying figure. The portion of the molecule labeled as 5 is:

Correct Answer
verified

Eukaryotic mRNA has a significantly longer half life than its prokaryotic counterpart. How is this accomplished in eukaryotes? What processes tend to degrade mRNA molecules in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and why are these processes needed?

Correct Answer
verified
Concepts to Consider: Eukaryotic mRNA is...
View Answer

In the Beadle and Tatum study, it was important that Neurospora was haploid because:

Correct Answer
verified

Following peptide bond formation between the amino acid in the A site on the ribosome and the growing polypeptide chain, the tRNA in the A site:

Correct Answer
verified

Draw a general overview of the flow of genetic information from DNA to protein in eukaryote vs. prokarytotes. You should construct one drawing for eukaryotes and one for prokaryotes. Label all structures, molecules, processes, and cellular compartments.

Correct Answer
verified
The flow d...
View Answer

Match the event to the correct process of protein synthesis.

RNA polymerase binds to the promoter sequence in RNA . __________________

Correct Answer
verified

What evolutionary role is served by the redundancy of the genetic code?

Correct Answer
verified
Concepts to Consider: The redundancy of ...
View Answer

snRNPs function to splice introns together. __________________

Correct Answer
verified

These noncoding sequences located within coding regions of genes are called .

Correct Answer
verified

Leader sequences contain signals that:

Correct Answer
verified

Discuss which type of DNA mutation in the coding region of an essential human gene (for example, insulin) would be the most harmful to a phenotype. Consider missense, nonsense, frameshifts, and transposons.

Correct Answer
verified
Answers can vary, but missense mutations...
View Answer

A polyribosome is:

Correct Answer
verified

How is the four-letter language of nucleic acids converted into the twenty-word language of amino acids?

Correct Answer
verified

Reverse transcriptase catalyzes the synthesis of DNA from an RNA template. __________________

Correct Answer
verified

The 3' trailing sequences are located upstream of the stop codon. __________________

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 13: Gene Expression

Beadle and Tatum began their studies with wild-type Neurospora. How is this organism best characterized?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If an mRNA transcript of the human XYZ gene was introduced into a yeast cell, the transcript would be:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 13-3 Refer to the accompanying figure. Which label indicates the location of the promoter region?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the RNA molecule with its corresponding description.

Figure 13-2 Refer to the accompanying figure. The portion of the molecule labeled as 5 is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eukaryotic mRNA has a significantly longer half life than its prokaryotic counterpart. How is this accomplished in eukaryotes? What processes tend to degrade mRNA molecules in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and why are these processes needed?

Correct AnswerverifiedConcepts to Consider: Eukaryotic mRNA is...View AnswerShow Answer

In the Beadle and Tatum study, it was important that Neurospora was haploid because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Following peptide bond formation between the amino acid in the A site on the ribosome and the growing polypeptide chain, the tRNA in the A site:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Draw a general overview of the flow of genetic information from DNA to protein in eukaryote vs. prokarytotes. You should construct one drawing for eukaryotes and one for prokaryotes. Label all structures, molecules, processes, and cellular compartments.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe flow d...View AnswerShow Answer

Match the event to the correct process of protein synthesis.

RNA polymerase binds to the promoter sequence in RNA . __________________

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What evolutionary role is served by the redundancy of the genetic code?

Correct AnswerverifiedConcepts to Consider: The redundancy of ...View AnswerShow Answer

snRNPs function to splice introns together. __________________

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

These noncoding sequences located within coding regions of ____ genes are called ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Leader sequences contain signals that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss which type of DNA mutation in the coding region of an essential human gene (for example, insulin) would be the most harmful to a phenotype. Consider missense, nonsense, frameshifts, and transposons.

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswers can vary, but missense mutations...View AnswerShow Answer

A polyribosome is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How is the four-letter language of nucleic acids converted into the twenty-word language of amino acids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reverse transcriptase catalyzes the synthesis of DNA from an RNA template. __________________

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The 3' trailing sequences are located upstream of the stop codon. __________________

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Concepts to Consider: Eukaryotic mRNA is...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The flow d...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Concepts to Consider: The redundancy of ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

These noncoding sequences located within coding regions of genes are called .

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Answers can vary, but missense mutations...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified