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Exam 7: Social Process Theories: Socialization and Society

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Question 1

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Social process theories hold that criminality is a function of human _________.

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Question 2

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Symbolic reaction theory (labeling theory) is rooted in symbolic interaction theory. Through the use of an example, explain how labeling may lead to a criminal career.

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Labeling can lead to crime when individu...

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Question 3

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Social learning theory suggests that crime is a(n) ______ behavior

While a person's place in the social structure may contribute to crime, ______ alone is not enough to explain criminality.

_________________ offers the principle that becoming a criminal is a learning process in which potential delinquents and criminals master techniques that enable them to counterbalance or neutralize conventional value and drift back and forth between illegitimate and conventional behavior.

How is one's self-concept associated with conformity and the likelihood of engaging in crime?

Which technique of neutralization refers to youths denying that they are to blame for their delinquent acts?

Control theories argue that noncriminal individuals have developed a _______ that requires them to obey the laws of society.

Whose name do we associate with the prominent social learning theory of differential association?

Which type of deviance is the result of the criminal label?

Which of the following occurs when a deviant event comes to the attention of significant others or social-control agents who then apply a negative label?

Explain the relationships between religion, belief, and criminal involvement.

Which social bond refers to how much time an individual engages in noncriminal activities?

Criminal techniques are learned, including the motives, drives, rationalizations, and attitudes associated with crime.

Which of the following refers to the type of social structure that integrates children into families while giving parents the ability to assert their individuality and regulate their own behavior?

The importance and prestige attributed to individuals or groups from whom definitions are learned is the _____ element of an association.

Numerous research efforts have resulted in no support for the core principles of differential association theory.

The theory that links the onset of criminality to the weakening of the ties that bind people to society is ______ theory.

Which is not an element of the social bond?

Maintaining a damaged identity after official labeling may, along with other negative social reactions from society, produce a _____, which provokes some adolescents into repeating their antisocial behaviors.