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Exam 1: The Science of Mind the Discipline of Psychology

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Question 1

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Skinner generalized his findings to complex human behaviors even though his subject pool was limited to

A) rats and pigeons.
B) children.
C) graduate students.
D) dogs and cats.

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Question 2

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Brindel is a contemporary psychologist who has been examining the "nature versus nurture" question. Which of the following would she be most likely to conclude?

A) We are solely a product of our surroundings and environment.
B) The mind is a result of interactions between inborn characteristics and everyday experiences.
C) We are nothing more than the sum of our genes.
D) Psychology should not concern itself with this question; neither nature nor nurture can be effectively studied in a scientific manner.

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Question 3

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Ancient people might have used a technique of _____  for a variety of ailments including headaches, seizures, or psychological disorders.

_____ is a leading cognitive psychologist.

Jake trips; he knocks his elbow against the edge of the door jamb while simultaneously stubbing his toe on a chair. Based on the work of von Helmholtz's, which of the following is likely to occur?

The first true psychologist, _____, was a research assistant to Hermann von Helmholtz, conducted the first documented psychological experiment, and established a psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig.

In order to measure behavior carefully, many behaviorists restricted their research to studies using

_____ was a leading humanistic thinker who asked questions about what made a person "good" as opposed to Freud's focus on what goes wrong with people.

Which of the following pairs of psychological approaches would be considered the "most opposite"?

Philosophers and psychologists have a shared interest in, among other things

Using the developmental perspective, a psychologist might look at whether the loss of a parent

A biological psychologist studies the effects of amphetamines on aggression in rhesus monkeys. However, to the researcher's surprise, the experimental results differ for isolated monkeys versus monkeys in a colony. What is missing from this experiment?

New and innovative methods have allowed psychologists to observe brain activity and revisit questions of mental processes. What quality was introduced to psychological research through the use of these methods?

In their psychological research, Kai and Taylor investigate variations in behavior from one person to the next. This approach is known as

Carl Rogers, a leading humanist, encouraged those receiving therapy to take an active role in the process, which reflects their equal standing with the therapist. This approach is known as

Alejandro is developing a preliminary research study to address the question of whether 4-year-olds who are asked to delay gratification (e.g., to delay eating candy) perform differently in solitude than with other 4-year-olds. Which combination of research perspectives would be best for this preliminary study?

Which of the following statements about a successful person best describes how contemporary psychology views the mind ?

With rise of such fields as linguistics and computer science in the 1950s, scientists began challenging behaviorists' disinterest in mental states and activity. This shift led to

Which of the following best describes the way in which psychological scientists view the mind?

Most philosophers, beginning with Aristotle, commonly believed that all knowledge is