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A stop is also called


A) a field inquiry.
B) an arrest.
C) a protective sweep.
D) a field inquiry, an arrest, or a protective sweep.
E) none of these choices.

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The courts have recognized the need for exceptions to a search warrant where _______________is involved, as in the cases with automobiles.

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What are the four factors specified by the Supreme Court in United States v. Dunn to consider in determining if an area is within a home's curtilage? What impact, if any, does a "No Trespassing" sign and a locked gate have on the open fields doctrine? What is a test for a reasonable expectation of privacy? Do you agree with the court's determination?

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In United States v. Dunn, the Supreme Co...

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Once consent to search is given, it may not be withdrawn until officers are satisfied with their findings.

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Contrast the terms "reasonable cause" and "probable cause." What is the court case that set the legal standard for reasonable suspicion? What is the primary reason that reasonable suspicion is used by law enforcement? What can probable cause be based on?

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"Reasonable cause" and "probable cause" ...

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A protective search for weapons is known as


A) an arrest.
B) a score.
C) a general search.
D) a seizure search.
E) a "stop and frisk."

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Searches are intended to obtain incriminating evidence.

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According to the text, when a search is conducted with consent,


A) the consent must be free and voluntary.
B) the consent may be in response to a claim of lawful authority to search.
C) the search may be general.
D) the consent must be free and voluntary, the consent may be in response to a claim of lawful authority to search, and the search may be general.
E) none of these choices.

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Which type of checkpoint was not upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court?


A) sobriety checkpoints
B) border checkpoints
C) informational checkpoints
D) drug checkpoints

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A law enforcement officer is legally justified to search if


A) no warrant has been issued but the search is incidental to a lawful arrest.
B) no warrant has been issued but consent is given.
C) a search warrant has been issued.
D) all of these choices.

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The key to creating voluntary contact with citizens is


A) requesting cooperation.
B) establishing rapport.
C) police appearance.
D) none of these choices.

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Probable cause is based primarily on


A) observations by officers.
B) officer experiences.
C) circumstantial factors.
D) information communicated to officers.
E) all of these choices.

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The____________ allows police to question suspects without first giving the Miranda warning.


A) exclusionary rule
B) public safety exception
C) probable cause doctrine
D) pretext stop
E) There is no such provision-police must always give the Miranda warning before questioning suspects.

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A protective sweep is intended to protect


A) the arresting officer from the danger posed by the arrestee.
B) destructible evidence.
C) the arresting officer from danger posed by unknown third parties.
D) all of these choices.

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The precedent for a warrantless search of an automobile resulted from


A) Carroll v. United States.
B) Miranda v. Arizona.
C) Terry v. Ohio.
D) Mapp v. Ohio.
E) Chimel v. California.

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Suspects can waive their rights against self-incrimination and talk to police officers if which of the following conditions is met?


A) The waiver must be voluntary.
B) The waiver must be preceded by the Miranda warning.
C) The suspect must fully understand what rights are being given up.
D) The suspect must understand the possible consequences of waiving the rights.
E) All of the other choices.

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The defense of____________  comes into play when the government's deception actually implants the criminal design in the mind of the defendant.

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A basic responsibility of police officers is investigating suspicious behavior.

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Plain view and the plain view doctrine are the same.

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Complete and otherwise credible information from an eyewitness, based on personal knowledge, is generally sufficient to establish probable cause.

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