Question 1

How did Aristotle describe gravity and in what context?

Accepted Answer

Aristotle believed that objects fall dow...

Question 2

The first postulate of special relativity states that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   observers can always detect their uniform motion relative to other objects
B)   observers can never detect their uniform motion except relative to other objects
C)   the speed of light is constant regardless of location
D)   the speed of light in a vacuum is constant
E)   energy equals mass multiplied by the speed of light, squared

Question 3

Explain why the term acceleration is important to the first postulate of special relativity.

Accepted Answer

The first postulate states that the laws...

Question 4

Galileo believed that motion stops in the absence of a force.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The neap tides occur at the new moon and full moon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

An object's momentum is equal to its ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   acceleration multiplied by its mass
B)   acceleration divided by its weight
C)   velocity multiplied by the gravitational constant
D)   velocity multiplied by its mass
E)   velocity divided by its weight

Question 7

Two objects in orbit around each other orbit their common center of mass.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Aristotle believed that objects falling to the ground fall at a constant rate of speed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The energy involved in the gravitational attraction between a planet and the Sun is called _______ energy.

Accepted Answer

A)   potential
B)   kinetic
C)   thermal
D)   equilibrium
E)   orbital

Question 10

If the orbital velocity of the Moon is 1.0 km/s, what is the orbital velocity of a satellite that is 1/16th as far from Earth as the Moon? Hints: There is a long way and a short way to do this calculation.   vc=GMrv _ { c } = \sqrt { \frac { G M } { r } }vc​=rGM​​  ; G = 6.67 × 10-11 m3/s2/kg

Accepted Answer

A)   1/16 km/s
B)   1/8 km/s
C)   4 km/s
D)   8 km/s
E)   16 km/s

Question 11

A comet near the Sun whose orbit is ____ would never be near the Sun again.

Accepted Answer

A)   apogee
B)   circular
C)   elliptical
D)   hyperbolic
E)   radial

Question 12

How did Newton clarify prior laws of planetary motion?

Accepted Answer

Newton's understanding of gravity allowe...

Question 13

The radius of Earth is 6,378 km. The force of gravity on a 1-kg ball at Earth's surface is 9.8 kg m/s2.  What is the force of gravity on this same ball when the ball is located 12,756 km from Earth's center? Hint: G = 6.67 × 10-11 m3/s2/kg

Accepted Answer

A)   2.45 kg m/s2
B)   4.9 kg m/s2
C)   9.8 kg m/s2
D)   19.6 kg m/s2
E)   39.2 kg m/s2

Question 14

The M oon pulls more strongly on Earth's near and far side than on its center.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Newton's law of gravitational force states that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   an object with no force on acting on it continues at rest or moves in uniform motion in a straight line with constant velocity
B)   an object with no force on it moves in a straight line with constant acceleration
C)   for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
D)   the force between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the distance between them squared
E)   an object with a force on it is accelerated in the direction of the force an amount inversely proportional to its mass and directly proportional to the size of the force

Question 16

Einstein revolutionized modern physics by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   documenting the existence of gravity through experiments on objects in motion
B)   proving that Galileo and Newton were fundamentally incorrect about gravity
C)   explaining how specific gravity impacts the geometry of curved space-time
D)   providing an explanation of gravity based on the geometry of curved space-time
E)   defining the difference between violent motion and natural motion

Question 17

Spring tides occur during the new and full lunar phases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The second postulate of special relativity states that the speed of light, when measured in a vacuum, is constant for all observers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

According to the inverse square law, the force due to gravity between two masses will ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   increase as the distance between the two masses increases
B)   decrease as the square of the distance between the two masses increases
C)   cause the two masses to move away from each other
D)   cause the two masses to move in a straight line
E)   cause the two masses to orbit each other

Question 20

Newton's first law of motion is essentially a restatement of Galileo's law of inertia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 5: Gravity

According to the inverse square law, the force due to gravity between two masses will ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The radius of Earth is 6,378 km. The force of gravity on a 1-kg ball at Earth's surface is 9.8 kg m/s2. What is the force of gravity on this same ball when the ball is located 12,756 km from Earth's center? Hint: G = 6.67 × 10-11 m3/s2/kg

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The second postulate of special relativity states that the speed of light, when measured in a vacuum, is constant for all observers.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Newton's first law of motion is essentially a restatement of Galileo's law of inertia.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The energy involved in the gravitational attraction between a planet and the Sun is called _______ energy.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How did Aristotle describe gravity and in what context?

Correct AnswerverifiedAristotle believed that objects fall dow...View AnswerShow Answer

If the orbital velocity of the Moon is 1.0 km/s, what is the orbital velocity of a satellite that is 1/16th as far from Earth as the Moon? Hints: There is a long way and a short way to do this calculation. vc=GMrv _ { c } = \sqrt { \frac { G M } { r } }vc​=rGM​​ ; G = 6.67 × 10-11 m3/s2/kg

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain why the term acceleration is important to the first postulate of special relativity.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe first postulate states that the laws...View AnswerShow Answer

Aristotle believed that objects falling to the ground fall at a constant rate of speed.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first postulate of special relativity states that ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Einstein revolutionized modern physics by ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A comet near the Sun whose orbit is ____ would never be near the Sun again.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The M oon pulls more strongly on Earth's near and far side than on its center.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An object's momentum is equal to its ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Newton's law of gravitational force states that ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How did Newton clarify prior laws of planetary motion?

Correct AnswerverifiedNewton's understanding of gravity allowe...View AnswerShow Answer

Spring tides occur during the new and full lunar phases.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Galileo believed that motion stops in the absence of a force.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The neap tides occur at the new moon and full moon.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two objects in orbit around each other orbit their common center of mass.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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The radius of Earth is 6,378 km. The force of gravity on a 1-kg ball at Earth's surface is 9.8 kg m/s². What is the force of gravity on this same ball when the ball is located 12,756 km from Earth's center? Hint: G = 6.67 × 10^-11 m³/s²/kg

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Aristotle believed that objects fall dow...
View Answer

If the orbital velocity of the Moon is 1.0 km/s, what is the orbital velocity of a satellite that is 1/16th as far from Earth as the Moon? Hints: There is a long way and a short way to do this calculation. $v _ { c } = \sqrt { \frac { G M } { r } }$ ; G = 6.67 × 10^-11 m³/s²/kg

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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The first postulate states that the laws...
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Newton's understanding of gravity allowe...
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Correct Answer
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