Question 1

Which statement best describes a theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   A group of ideas about how something should be done, made, or thought about
B)   A specific statement about nature that needs further testing
C)   An idea considered so obviously true that the idea does not need to be questioned
D)   A fundamental principle in which scientists have great confidence
E)   A general description of some aspect of nature that has been thoroughly tested and widely accepted

Question 2

Kepler's third law of planetary motion states, "A planet's _____ squared is proportional to its average distance from the Sun cubed."

Accepted Answer

A)   radius
B)   diameter
C)   rotational speed
D)   orbital period
E)   rotational period

Question 3

Explain why Copernicus' hypothesis, where the Sun was the center of the planetary system, became known as the Copernican Revolution.

Accepted Answer

It became known as the Copernican Revolu...

Question 4

Most Greek philosophers believed in a(n) _______________ Universe.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most Greek philosophers believed in a(n) _______________...

Question 5

Kepler's laws of planetary motion were _____ because he could not provide an explanation for his conclusions.

Accepted Answer

A)   unnatural
B)   empirical
C)   hypothetical
D)   principles
E)   assumptions

Question 6

What principle was Copernicus unable to provide evidence against?

Accepted Answer

A)   uniform circular motion
B)   heliocentric universe
C)   geocentric universe
D)   retrograde motion
E)   Ptolemy's epicycles

Question 7

What are the two primary components of the Ptolemaic Universe model?

Accepted Answer

The Ptolemaic model ...

Question 8

Spheres are an essential part of Kepler's three fundamental rules of planetary motion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What was Tycho Brahe's contribution to astronomy?

Accepted Answer

A)   He proved that Earth rotates on its own axis and revolves around the Sun.
B)   He designed the three laws of planetary motion.
C)   He discovered satellites around Jupiter, which proved Earth could move and keep its satellite.
D)   He described why each of the planets moved in uniform circular motion.
E)   He compiled detailed observations of the positions of the Sun, Moon, and planets over a period of 20 years.

Question 10

Figure 4-9
The accompanying illustration demonstrates Copernicus's theory of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   uniform circular motion
B)   retrograde motion
C)   parallax
D)   eccentricity
E)   heliocentric Universe

Question 11

In Kepler's model of the Universe, what was the purpose of the five regular solids?

Accepted Answer

A)   To differentiate the six planets
B)   To define the shape of each of the orbits
C)   To describe the internal shape of each planet
D)   To be spacers for the orbits of the six planets
E)   To support the calculations of each orbital period

Question 12

Figure 4-1
What field of science focuses most on the connections between ancient celestial observations and such structures as the one seen in the accompanying figure?

Accepted Answer

A)   theology
B)   astrology
C)   archeology
D)   archeoastronomy
E)   archeophilosophy

Question 13

A(n) _______________is something that is held to be obviously true and needs no further examination.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) _______________is something that is held to...

Question 14

The most important idea in De Revolutionibus was placing the Sun at the center of the Universe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

What was the most controversial issue surrounding the nature of the Universe during the Renaissance?

Accepted Answer

A)   The movement of visible galaxies
B)   The origins of the Universe
C)   The number of planets in the Solar System
D)   The position of Earth in the Universe
E)   The existence of life on planets other than Earth

Question 16

In the Copernican system, Earth moves slower along its orbit than the planets that lie farther from the Sun.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Ptolemy based his model on theories first developed by Plato, who believed each celestial body traveled around a small circle that followed a larger circle around Earth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

When Tycho saw no parallax in the position of a new star, he published his evidence against which model of the Universe?

Accepted Answer

A)   Aristotelian
B)   Galilean
C)   Ptolemaic
D)   Copernican
E)   Reinhold

Question 19

Kepler's analysis of planetary motion showed that the planets move _______________ when close to the Sun and _______________ when farther away.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Kepler's analysis of planetary motion showed that...

Question 20

Greek philosophers used religion and astrology to understand the mysteries of the universe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 4: Origins of Modern Astronomy

Figure 4-9 The accompanying illustration demonstrates Copernicus's theory of ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the two primary components of the Ptolemaic Universe model?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe Ptolemaic model ...View AnswerShow Answer

Which statement best describes a theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kepler's analysis of planetary motion showed that the planets move _______________ when close to the Sun and _______________ when farther away.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What was Tycho Brahe's contribution to astronomy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What was the most controversial issue surrounding the nature of the Universe during the Renaissance?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kepler's laws of planetary motion were _____ because he could not provide an explanation for his conclusions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 4-1 What field of science focuses most on the connections between ancient celestial observations and such structures as the one seen in the accompanying figure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ptolemy based his model on theories first developed by Plato, who believed each celestial body traveled around a small circle that followed a larger circle around Earth.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the Copernican system, Earth moves slower along its orbit than the planets that lie farther from the Sun.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain why Copernicus' hypothesis, where the Sun was the center of the planetary system, became known as the Copernican Revolution.

Correct AnswerverifiedIt became known as the Copernican Revolu...View AnswerShow Answer

Kepler's third law of planetary motion states, "A planet's _____ squared is proportional to its average distance from the Sun cubed."

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most Greek philosophers believed in a(n) _______________ Universe.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most important idea in De Revolutionibus was placing the Sun at the center of the Universe.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Kepler's model of the Universe, what was the purpose of the five regular solids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A(n) _______________is something that is held to be obviously true and needs no further examination.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Spheres are an essential part of Kepler's three fundamental rules of planetary motion.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Greek philosophers used religion and astrology to understand the mysteries of the universe.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Tycho saw no parallax in the position of a new star, he published his evidence against which model of the Universe?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What principle was Copernicus unable to provide evidence against?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The Ptolemaic model ...
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Kepler's analysis of planetary motion showed that the planets move _ when close to the Sun and _ when farther away.

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It became known as the Copernican Revolu...
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