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Captain Alvarez Cabral accidentally discovered ____________________ after being blown off course while attempting to explore ____________________.

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In the end, Portugal


A) expanded its empire into Japan and Australia.
B) was too poor to maintain its empire.
C) lost interest in extensive overseas commerce.
D) sank into civil war.
E) became one of the wealthiest European empires.

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B

The most significant food crop arriving in Europe as a consequence of the Columbian Exchange was


A) the potato.
B) the tomato.
C) maize.
D) squash.
E) sugarcane.

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Explain and discuss negative elements (such as genocide) that were engendered by European discovery and conquest in the Americas.

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The European discovery and conquest of t...

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European exploration of the western Atlantic was led by the


A) Vikings.
B) Portuguese.
C) Spanish.
D) Dutch.
E) English.

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____________________ was the dominant economic philosophy during the Age of Discovery.

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Describe the Columbian Exchange in detail. Identify key elements that you believe to be of special significance.

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Exploration was facilitated by partnerships, which


A) guaranteed profits for all involved.
B) set up effective methods for dividing up the work to be done.
C) minimized risks to individual investors.
D) could afford to get involved with the slave trade.
E) established central locations for hiring captains and crews for the ships.

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The country that suffered the worst inflation from Spain's importation of gold and silver was


A) Holland.
B) England.
C) France.
D) Spain .
E) Portugal.

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The effect of Europeans on Amerindian cultures and those of sub-Saharan Africa could best be described as


A) extensive.
B) totally negative.
C) mostly positive.
D) diverse.
E) unexpected.

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Compare and contrast the colonial endeavors of the Dutch, British, and French. Which was most successful? Which least? Why was this so?

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The first slaves from Africa were introduced to Europe through ____________________ hands.

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Virginia and the Carolinas were first established as


A) a refuge for honest debtors.
B) a haven for Quakers.
C) colonies for the rehabilitation of convicts.
D) tobacco-producing colonies.
E) real estate ventures.

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After two wars in the mid-1600s, the ____________________ replaced the Dutch as the leading naval power.

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Muslims preferred to deal with this group, because they were not out to convert the world, but to make money:


A) Portuguese
B) Chinese
C) Dutch
D) English
E) Spanish

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C

Mercantilism aimed first of all to


A) secure financial rewards for the entrepreneurs.
B) allow the impoverished a chance to rise in society.
C) bring maximum income to the royal throne.
D) secure a favorable balance of foreign trade.
E) develop a wide range of products for export.

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The coming of Europeans seems to have had the most catastrophic impact on


A) Africans.
B) Amerindians.
C) Eskimos.
D) Muslims.
E) Asians.

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The Dutch were able to become involved in exploration in the late 1500s after they


A) perfected a workable design for a trans-Atlantic sailing ship.
B) ended their domination by Spain.
C) signed a trade agreement with the British.
D) revitalized their coastal ports.
E) became involved in the lucrative slave trade.

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The Europeans who reaped the greatest benefit from the gold/silver-induced inflation were


A) landlords.
B) merchants.
C) artisans.
D) peasants.
E) clergy.

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In actuality, the Portuguese empire consisted mainly of


A) organized military states.
B) established communities.
C) fortified trading stations.
D) slave camps.
E) fur-trading villages.

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C

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