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A) Wagnerian operas with their glorification of German folk traditions.
B) a variety of racist, nationalist, Pan-German literature often referring to a heroic Aryan race.
C) the intense anti-Semitism of Schönerer's Pan-German movement and Vienna's major Karl Lueger.
D) the clarity of purpose and positive excitement he experienced in World War I .
E) all of the above
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A) were largely receptive to Marxist goals.
B) believed Marxism strengthened the state economy.
C) embraced the Marxist call for workers to unite.
D) rejected class conflict as dangerously divisive.
E) all of the none
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A) Germany's long and powerful academic tradition created a habit of independent, critical thinking that dominated academia and vigorously opposed the Nazis.
B) For generations, German universities promoted extreme nationalism, opposed liberalism, and supported "irrational political Romanticism" and hero worship. A majority of professors and student found their hero in Hitler.
C) Germany's universities were focused on the physical sciences and technology (especially since the Second Industrial Revolution) and, thus, were neutral about the highly politicized Nazi system.
D) As part of the policy of coordination, massive purges removed a majority of university professors. Universities, therefore, supported the Nazis.
E) After initial uncertainties, most German universities adopted a policy of passive resistance.
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A) refers to a new consortium established among German clerics who promoted Nazism.
B) is another name for the SA.
C) controlled propaganda within Nazi Germany.
D) was an anti-Nazi organization designed to restore liberalism and democracy, drawing on Enlightenment principles.
E) celebrated Karl Marx as a German hero and sought a Communist takeover of government.
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The Weimar Republic, established in Germ...View Answer
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The remark that revolutionaries often be...View Answer
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A) repeatedly demonstrated a lack of support for a union with Germany.
B) experienced continuous stress between the Viennese working class who were anticlerical and socialist, and peasants who were Catholic and antisocialist.
C) the middle class came to see themselves as partners with the Social Democrats.
D) was unable to introduce social reforms to assist the working class.
E) experienced an economic boom both in agriculture and industry.
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A) the reluctant acknowledgement of Jesus as a Jew
B) the absence of censorship of religious writings
C) the arrest of some clerical critics of the regime
D) a united stand among German churches against Nazism
E) the expansion of the coverage of Christianity in the school curriculum
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The term "metamyth" refers to a myth or ...View Answer
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A) called for the creation of a new German constitution to govern the unpopular German republic.
B) signaled the collapse of German industry until the 1930s.
C) reduced Germany's reparations according to Germany's economic capacity.
D) legitimized France's seizure of the Ruhr.
E) expressed the demands of Britain and the United States for full payment of reparations.
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A) the mass unemployment of the Great Depression.
B) severe deflation as the value of German assets plummeted because of the Treaty of Versailles.
C) massive inflation as the government printed vast amounts of money to cover war debts, reparations, and strikers' benefits in French occupied Ruhr.
D) mainly due the loss of territory to Poland, France, Denmark, and Belgium.
E) due to the loss of overseas markets as a result of the First World War.
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A) the creation of "a new man."
B) an official style in the arts called socialist realism .
C) complaints from peasants about a new serfdom.
D) a general regimentation of society.
E) all of the above
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Totalitarian regimes posed a significant...View Answer
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A) shared the same ideological aims.
B) drew on vastly different methods to achieve their goals.
C) were a new development, and nothing like them had ever existed.
D) were fundamentally the same as ancient Eastern despotisms, the Roman Empire, Renaissance tyrannies, and absolute monar.
E) were products of scientific theory and irrationalism, devoid of any element that might seem religious.
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A) o fficial cheerfulness and excitement about the emergence of socialism
B) e radication of remnants of bourgeois tastes or mentality
C) m usic depicting the wise father and leader, Stalin
D) g raphic portrayal of the social problems left to solve
E) h appy workers falling in love while building a new society
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