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Exam 2: Personality Research Methods

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Question 21

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One concern with items on measures like the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is that they often lack face validity.What kind of problem does this create?

A) Participants can easily fake responses on the items.
B) Such items raise concerns with social desirability.
C) Responses are difficult to interpret in psychological terms.
D) Such items tend to make participants very anxious.

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Question 22

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The technical meaning of reliability refers to ________.

A) how much measurement error is present in your assessment instrument
B) whether an instrument accurately assesses the construct it is intended to measure
C) whether an instrument correlates with a similar measure of the same construct
D) whether a sample of participants reasonably represents the population of interest

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Question 23

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According to the textbook,there are no perfect ________ of personality,only ________.

Dr.Low is interested in studying the effect mood has on the willingness to help a stranger.She randomly assigns half of her participants to the pleasant mood condition and shows them funny film clips.The other half of her participants is assigned to the unpleasant mood condition and is forced to watch boring film clips.She then gives every participant an opportunity to donate money to a homeless stranger.Dr.Low is using a(n) ________ design.

Consider the trait of courage.Describe the advantages and limitations of obtaining informant report data for this trait.

Dr.Garcia wants to measure the earliest autobiographical memories of the participants in her project.She would most likely obtain ________ data.

What is face validity,and how does it apply to S and B data? What is a limitation of face validity for evaluating the quality of B data? Do you think this concern also applies to S data?

The most important advantage of B data is that they are based on ________.

Consider the construct of delay of gratification.Explain how you could obtain S,I,B,and L data for measuring delay of gratification.Identify and describe one advantage and one disadvantage for each of your examples of S,I,B,and L data.

Narrative psychology is an example of the ________ method.

What term describes computer-assisted methods to measure thoughts and feelings that occur during normal daily activities?

Reliability and validity are actually both aspects of a broader concept called ________.

According to the text,what simple example of L data is considered by clinical psychologists to be a potential indicator of psychopathology?

A researcher can increase the reliability of a personality test by ________.

Match the most applicable type of data with each piece of information. -Reaction times to photographs

Dr.Grant is creating a new measure of shyness,and she decides to include more than one item in her scale.She believes that using multiple items will lead to a more reliable measure.Dr.Grant is following which principle of measurement?

Match the most applicable type of data with each piece of information. -The number of times someone has been arrested

Many psychologists tend to use college students as participants in their research and then assume that what they learn applies to people in general.However,this common practice may limit ________.

The typical experimental social psychologist collects ________ data.

Match the most relevant term with each definition. -The cumulative effect random influences have on the outcome of interest