A) literature review.
B) abstract.
C) method.
D) description of alternate methods.
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D
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A) To support one's beliefs
B) To increase the body of knowledge
C) To develop new products and practices
D) To bring distinction to the researcher
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A) The field of study of the researcher
B) The number of research participants
C) The nature of the research problem
D) The setting in which the research will be conducted
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C
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A) Conduct a literature review.
B) Use an already validated instrument.
C) Create questions and develop a draft of the instrument.
D) Select experts to review the content of the instrument.
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A) a research plan can be modified into a grant proposal.
B) strict guidelines must be followed in the grant proposal.
C) a research plan and grant proposal are foundationally similar.
D) a grant proposal can be modified into a research plan.
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B
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A) Direct observation
B) Physical measurement
C) Participant observation
D) Spectroscopy
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A) they are typically funded by government agencies or private foundations.
B) they are short (< 10 pages) .
C) they have a small budget.
D) they are often funded for pilot studies.
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A) Tylenol is more effective than Motrin in reducing muscular soreness.
B) There is a difference in the self-confidence of athletes and nonathletes.
C) Gender does not influence the incidence of attention deficit disorder.
D) There is no relationship between body weight and academic achievement.
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A) National Science Foundation (NSF) .
B) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) .
C) National Institutes of Health (NIH) .
D) National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) .
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A) the investigator's expertise with the instrument.
B) the match between the instrument and the research question.
C) what was used in the past.
D) the question being asked.
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A) Hypothesis testing provides support regarding the credibility of the hypothesis.
B) The null hypothesis states that the independent variable does not have an effect.
C) Statistical analysis is directed towards the null hypothesis.
D) Hypothesis testing is a requirement in all types of studies.
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A) Participant specifies whether a characteristic exists.
B) Participant indicates the degree to which the characteristics exist
C) Participants indicate a judgement about a concept based on a list of opposing adjectives.
D) Participants indicate a judgement about a concept based on criteria for each possible score.
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A) structured interviews may present the expected answers to the questions, whereas unstructured interviews do not.
B) unstructured interviews are conducted by a third person, whereas structured interviews are conducted by the researcher.
C) only unstructured interviews can be conducted in a phone survey.
D) good interpersonal skills are important only for the interviewer conducting an unstructured interview.
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A) it states a relationship between two or more variables.
B) it expresses the predicted outcome of the research problem.
C) it is based on theory or previous research findings.
D) it is not testable.
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A) Measurement scale
B) Reliability
C) Validity
D) Objectivity
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A) review for clarity.
B) peer review.
C) author names.
D) rubric.
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